Hydatid disease, caused by larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus is a commonly seen parasitic zoonosis in Mediterranean countries, Eastern Europe, North and East Africa, Central Asia, Australia and South America (Grosso et al., 2012). In India, the International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 12 (2016) pp. 195-202 Journal homepage: http://...

BACKGROUND Subtype A accounts for only 12% of HIV-1 infections worldwide but predominates in Russia and Former Soviet Union countries of Eastern Europe. After an early propagation via heterosexual contacts, this variant spread explosively among intravenous drug users. A distinct A1 variant predominates in Greece and Albania, which penetrated directly from Africa. Clade A1 accounts for 12.5% of ...

The entodiniomorphid ciliate Troglodytella abrassarti is a colonic mutualist of great apes. Its host specificity makes it a suitable model for studies of primate evolution. We explored molecular diversity of T. abrassarti with regard to large geographical distribution and taxonomic diversity of its most common host, the chimpanzee. We found a very low diversification of T. abrassarti in chimpan...

The evolution of yellow fever virus over 67 years was investigated by comparing the nucleotide sequences of the envelope (E) protein genes of 20 viruses isolated in Africa, the Caribbean, and South America. Uniformly weighted parsimony algorithm analysis defined two major evolutionary yellow fever virus lineages designated E genotypes I and II. E genotype I contained viruses isolated from East ...

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus transmitted by mosquitoes isolated for the first time in Zika forest, Uganda in 1947 and repeatedly isolated in sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia. Until 2000, only few human cases were reported but in 2007, the first major human outbreak was notified in Yap Island, Micronesia leading to 99 cases. Despite the widespread distribution of Zika virus, very limi...

The number of new cases of HIV infection has been decreasing in some parts of the world (e.g. sub-Saharan Africa) with the highest burden of disease in recent years. However, other regions are showing a different trend, such as Eastern Europe, the Middle East, North Africa and Central Asia. This trend seems also to apply to the Central European region. This article analyses HIV data for Central...

human infection with echinococcus granulosis is a common disease throughout south america, the mediterranean littoral, the middle east, central asia and east africa, which usually occur in children and young adults. formation of avascular cystic lesions in the liver, kidney, pancreas, bones, vitreus and brain can cause protean of signs and symptoms. intracranial cysts usually present with focal...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease in the world. The WHO estimates that 3% (170 million) of the world's population are chronically infected with HCV. Sub-Saharan Africa is of great interest because it is reported to have the highest HCV prevalence rate (5.3%), and a concurrent HIV epidemic. In our review of the published literature we found consistent evidence of ...