1) Minimum Water Surface Area .........................................................................................................................11 2) Pond Live Storage ...........................................................................................................................................11 3) Primary Water Quality Outlet Devices ...........................................

Abstract Enteric bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. are significant fish pathogens related to thousands of cases food-borne diseases every year in human. Since aquatic environments reservoirs these pathogens, they may contaminate the food result outbreaks. Therefore, it is crucial reduce or eliminate from aquaculture facilities. We tested effectiveness three commonly used che...

An experiment was conducted in twelve 200-m2 earthen ponds at the Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand, for 91 days from 11 September to 11 December 1998. The experiment was designed to determine the optimal rate of nitrogen fertilization in cool season, to determine which of the nitrogen fertilization rates evaluated to produce Nile tilapia had the greatest profitability, and to develop a f...

Earthen embankments including levees, tailings dams, and earthen dams present many challenging problems for Civil Engineers, particularly in verification of their structural integrity and capacity, operation and maintenance (O&M), inspection, and safety. The sheer size and scale, age, and uncertainty of materials in these sometimes mammoth structures, all combine to present a difficult array of...

1. Haemoglobin production was measured for two populations of Daphnia putex, one from a temporary pond (GR Pond) and one from a permanent pond (Rash Pond). Surface water in Rash Pond remains high in oxygen, while by late summer very Uttle oxygen remains in GR Pond. Haemoglobin synthesis was induced in the laboratory by artificial oxygen deficiency. 2. Reproductive state influenced the level of ...

PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) were used to explore the relationship between eukaryotic plankton community succession and environmental factors in two aquaculture pond models with gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio. The main culture species of pond 1 were gibel carp and grass carp, and the combined density was 46224 fingerling/ha...

One of the indexes of stabilization pond is the presence of coliform bacteria in water and wastewater. This study aimed to determine the effect of solar light on coliform variations in stabilization pond. In this experimental study, the effect of light, pH (<7, 7.1–8, 8.1–9), and temperature (10 ºC and 30 ºC) on facultative stabilization pond was studied for six months. The sampling was accompl...