Hermaphroditic flowers blooming unseasonably on an oak tree (»the green oak«) of uncertain hybrid origin prompted a detailed investigation into the biology of the flowering, and the morphology of various traits of the tree, which is growing in an urban area near Zadar, northern Dalmatia, Croatia. Hermaphroditic flowers were also detected on one holm oak tree from Weihenstephan, Germany. Since t...

The natural history of the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is poorly understood and confounded by domestication. In nature, S. cerevisiae and its undomesticated relative S. paradoxus are usually found on the bark of oak trees, a habitat very different from wine or other human fermentations. It is unclear whether the oak trees are really the primary habitat for wild yeast, or whether this a...

The relative importance of livestock grazing in limiting or enhancing oak recruitment remains unclear because results from previous studies have been contradictory. In Santa Barbara County, we have replicated large-scale planting experiments from 1997 to 2001 to determine the effects of cattle and other factors on seedling establishment of valley oak (Quercus lobata) and coast live oak (Q. agri...

Although we understand the genetics of the laboratory model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae very well, we know little about the natural ecology and environment that shaped its genome. Most isolates of Saccharomyces paradoxus, the wild relative of S. cerevisiae, come from oak trees, but it is not known whether this is because oak is their primary habitat. We surveyed leaf litter in a forest in No...

The TV oak (Television Oak) conflict concerned felling an old tree in a wealthy area of Stockholm. The case received great public attention in different media formats with different scopes (e.g., newspapers, television, internet). The TV Oak issue involved actors with different, partly conflicting perceptions. Assuming that the relevance of urban tree management issues in particular leads to in...

In the Ozark Mountains of northern Arkansas and southern Missouri, an oak decline event, coupled with epidemic populations of red oak borer (Enaphalodes rufulus Haldeman), has resulted in extensive red oak (Quercus spp., section Lobatae) mortality. Twenty-four northern red oak trees, Quercus rubra L., infested with red oak borer, were felled in the Ozark National Forest between March 2002 and J...

Oak forests throughout the world are in a state of decline due to lack of oak seedling recruitment to larger size classes. Much of this recruitment decline has been attributed to changes in ecosystem disturbance regimes that have led to increased competition from other species. The Midwest Driftless Area forests in the United States are currently dominated by large oak trees of three species: Q...

Frelich, Lee E.; Reich, Peter B.; Peterson, David W. 2015. Fire in upper Midwestern oak forest ecosystems: an oak forest restoration and management handbook. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-914. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 64 p. We reviewed the literature to synthesize what is known about the use of fire to maintain and restore oak f...

We evaluated county planning policies and procedures to determine what protection is provided to oak woodlands during the land development process. We selected three Sierra Nevada counties to do a pilot assessment: El Dorado, Placer and Madera. The assessment methodology included three components: 1) analysis of county plans, policies, guidelines, and ordinances to determine if oak woodland man...

Description: Three experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of paclobutrazol on shoot and cambial growth of nine tree species located in Indiana and Louisiana, U.S. In Experiment I, white oak (Quercus alba L.) and red oak (Q. rubra L.) in Indiana were treated in April 1995 with paclobutrazol using the soil drench method. In Experiment II, paclobutrazol was applied in April 1996, usi...