In the Results section under subheading 'Longitudinal in vivo assessment of biomaterial-induced bone formation' " Over the following 8 weeks the plural stayed closed. " should read: " Over the following 8 weeks the defects stayed closed ". Under subheading 'Temporal and spatial in vivo assessment of hydroxyapatite deposition during bone defect regeneration – anterior-posterior axis. ' " Thereaf...

This paper describes the apatite deposition of chitosan-silicate porous hybrids derived from chitosan and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) in alkaline phosphate solution. The preparation of porous hybrids with needle-like apatite on their surfaces is described. Following apatite deposition the porous hybrids maintained high porosity. The enzymatic degradation rate was low even after 6 ...

A facile strategy was developed to delicately control the morphologies of hydroxyapatite materials from simple 0D morphologies to complicated 3D architectures using hard-precursors with similar structures. The present study provides a new platform for hydroxyapatite materials to be efficiently synthesized and manipulated.

A nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen composite was prepared by precipitation of hydroxyapatite from an aqueous solution onto collagen. Mouse peritoneal macrophages were used to investigate the in vitro biodegradation of the composite. The results showed the mechanism of phagocytosis and extracellular degradation process. The cells that belong to the mononuclear phagocyte system showed some morphologi...

Glass-reinforced HA composites were produced using phosphate-based glasses, and a structure refinement was carried out to determine the effect of the glass on the structure of the residual HA. Quantitative phase analysis showed that the glass causes some of the HA to decompose to beta-TCP and, at higher temperatures, to alpha-TCP. It also was indicated that when three phases were present, the f...

Citric acid was produced with free and k-carrageenan-entrapped cells of the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica in single and repeated batch-shake-flask fermentations on glycerol-based media. Simultaneous solubilization of hydroxyapatite of animal bone origin (HABO) was tested in all experiments. The highest citric acid production by free yeast cells of 20.4 g/L and 18.7 g/L was reached after 96 h of fer...

The microstructure of enamel like most biological tissues has a hierarchical structure which determines their mechanical behavior. However, current studies of the mechanical behavior of enamel lack a systematic investigation of these hierarchical length scales. In this study, we performed macroscopic uni-axial compression tests and the spherical indentation with different indenter radii to prob...

There was no evidence of osteonecrosis in the specimens analysed. The hydroxyapatite-coating was present to a variable degree on the specimens with good evidence of bony ongrowth under the CoChrome cap. Ongrowth was examined in five different zones with the greatest seen in the middle of the stem. Direct contact between newly formed bone and the hydroxyapatite layer was observed on light and ba...

The normal intersurface forces between nanosized probe tips functionalized with COO-- and NH3+-terminated alkanethiol self-assembling monolayers and dense polycrystalline phase pure synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA) were measured via a powerful nanomechanical technique called chemically specific high-resolution force spectroscopy. The data taken on approach of the probe tip to the HA surface was co...