In the Federal Republic of Germany, the accident involvement of elderly drivers to date is low, corresponding to their low traffic participation. With a definite increase in the number of elderly drivers in the near future frequent adverse effects on traffic safety are expected. Particularly age changes in vision and reaction ability are considered to be important. Compared to a representative ...

Traffic congestion in urban environment is one of the most critical issue for drivers and city planners both efficiency reasons. lights are main tools used to regulate traffic by diverting between different paths. Rational drivers, turn, react light duration evaluating their options and, if necessary, changing direction order reach destination quicker. In this paper, we introduce a macroscopic ...

background heat is a harmful factor in workplaces that causes physiologic and cognitive changes in workers. objectives the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cooling vest on heat strain and reaction time while wearing chemical-biological-nuclear protective clothes. methods twelve male students with mean age of 25 ± 2 and body mass index (bmi) of 23 ± 1.5 were recruited in th...

objectives: nouns and verbs are the central conceptual linguistic units of language acquisition in all human languages. while the noun-bias hypothesis claims that nouns have a privilege in children’s lexical development across languages, studies on mandarin and korean and other languages have challenged this view. more recent cross-linguistic naming studies on children in german, turkish, engli...

conclusions this study showed that cccdna can be detected in the plasma specimen of 17.9% of iranian treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis b infection. therefore, designing prospective studies focusing on the detection of cccdna in these patients would provide more information. results the mean (sd) age of the patients was 41.1 ± 12.4 years (range, 20 - 62 years). from a total of 106 ...

the main objective of the present work was to synthesis polyamide 6 through anionic polymerization of ε-caprolactam in an internal mixer. the reaction time and the rheological properties of samples during the polymerization were studied. the samples were characterized by thermo gravimetry analysis (tga), differential scanning calorimeter (dsc) and ft-ir spectrometer. the melt flow behavior and ...

OBJECTIVE Psychomotor vigilance testing (PVT) rapidly assesses attention, reaction time (RT), and abnormal vigilance. Thus, PVT may be an adjunct to screening drivers for high-risk obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)/excess daytime sleepiness (EDS). METHODS Commercial drivers and emergency responders undergoing occupational examinations took a 10-minute PVT and were instructed to achieve their fast...

With the rapid explosion of population, usage of motor vehicle is also increasing. This has been causing a serious issue in road safety for the past few decades. Road pedestrian injuries and death rate is also rising day by day. The research on traffic accidents shows a clear concentration of crashes happening in Black Spots. Accident black spots include steep slopes, a hidden junction, sharp c...

In this study, the deceleration model and the sensitivity term were developed by considering actual driving behaviors to prevent rear end collisions in the car-following situations, especially in deceleration situations. Test vehicles capable of measuring the speed, acceleration, and spacing between the vehicles were used to collect data in the field survey. The deceleration model developed by ...

STUDY OBJECTIVES The Oxford Sleep Resistance Test (OSLER) is a behavioral test that measures a subject's ability to maintain wakefulness and assesses daytime vigilance. The multiple unprepared reaction time (MURT) test measures a subject's reaction time in response to a series of visual or audible stimuli. METHODS We recruited 34 healthy controls in order to determine the normative data for M...