During the treatment of 86 patients with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) anatomical resection (include segmentectomy) within the last two years, we have encountered five patients (5.8%) with anomalous venous returns. Anomalous returns included: 1) common trunk of the left pulmonary vein; 2) right middle pulmonary vein (V4) draining into the inferior pulmonary vein (IPV); 3) left lin...

Coronary arteriography of a-72-year-old woman revealed prominent aneurysms of left main coronary, left anterior descending and right coronary arteries with a fistula from the left and right coronary systems draining into the right ventricular intramural hemangioma (Figs. 1 and 2). Fig. 1. Aneurysms of left main trunk and left anterior descending artery with normal appearance of circumflex arter...

Traumatic arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are rare, including the scalp, carotid cavernous sinus, vertebral artery and ophthalmic artery. AVF of the scalp is direct connections between the arterial feeding vessels of the scalp and the draining veins without intervening capillary beds. The draining veins are often grossly enlarged and tortuous, like a varix. We experienced a rare case of traumatic...

CC chemokine receptor 10 and its ligand, CCL27, are important components of T cell-mediated cutaneous immunity, but whether they influence lymph node (LN) homing by T cells is unknown. In this study, CCL27 protein was detected in skin-draining LN by Western blotting and ELISA although CCL27 mRNA transcripts were low. CCL27 protein was present at higher levels in skin-draining LN compared with g...

Cellular and humoral responses in animals are frequently induced by subcutaneous injection with antigen emulsified in an agent such as complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA). These emulsions are commonly prepared by repetitive mixing of aqueous and oil components in two coupled syringes (1). Although effective, this procedure is slow and tedious. Sonification has proven to be a more rapid alternative...

Time-dependent alterations in the ultrasonography characteristics of lymph nodes during early-stage metastasis have not been compared with those of tumor-draining lymph nodes that do not develop tumor; this is partly due to the absence of an appropriate experimental model. In a previous study of lymph nodes with experimental early-stage metastasis, we used contrast-enhanced high-frequency ultra...