Over the past decade, a consensus has emerged among academics and policy makers that climate change could threaten stability of banks, insurers, broader financial system. In response, regulators from around world have begun implementing policies to mitigate emerging risks in sector. The United States, however, lags significantly behind other countries addressing such risks. This article argues ...

Abstract Drawing on history and International Relations, this article considers how states might respond to genocide in a more realist, post-liberal international order (LIO). It argues that even within an emergent realist (RIO) downgrades normative commitments fundamental human rights, unchecked will continue pose threat peace security be interested halting it. Within RIO, many of the non-coer...

The theory of military revolution is known to describe the process transformation states in Early modern period with appearance armed firearms regular armies. According Brian Downing model, this consists several successive steps. 1. starting point development medieval monarchy, where power suzerain limited meetings (conditionally, “parliaments”), aristocrats predominate, managing resources thei...

OBJECTIVES To examine outcome reporting bias of systematic reviews registered in PROSPERO. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING Retrospective cohort study. The primary outcomes from systematic review publications were compared with those reported in the corresponding PROSPERO records; discrepancies in the primary outcomes were assessed as upgrades, additions, omissions, or downgrades. Relative risks (RRs...

We review different methods for simulating credit migrations in a nonparametric and discrete or continuous-time Markov chain framework. We suggest the application of a factor model approach in combination with the use of copulas for the joint dynamics of credit rating changes. While there are several applications of copulas in credit risk for modeling joint defaults, it lacks of the same intere...

A routing protocol is used to determine the optimal path to forward the packets from source to destination. A separate set of protocols is designed for IPv4 & IPv6 network such as RIP, OSPF-v2, RIPng, OSPF-v3, and AODV. IPv4 is replaced by IPv6 (next generation internet protocol), but both the protocols are not suitable for each other, due to this they need to coexist for a long time. In this p...

OBJECTIVES One recommended use of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach is supporting quality assessment of evidence of comparisons included within a Cochrane overview of reviews. Within our overview, reviewers found that current GRADE guidance was insufficient to make reliable and consistent judgments. To support our ratings, we developed an alg...

The efficiency of a vineyard management system is directly related to the effective nutritional disorders, which significantly downgrades vine growth, crop yield and wine quality. To detect we successfully extracted wide range features using hyperspectral (HS) images identify healthy individual nutrient deficiencies grapevine leaves. Features such as mean reflectance, first derivative variation...