Using a transportation approach we prove that for every probability measures P,Q1, Q2 on Ω N with P a product measure there exist r.c.p.d. νj such that ∫ νj(·|x)dP (x) = Qj(·) and ∫ dP (x) ∫ dP dQ1 (y) dP dQ2 (z)(1 + β(1 − 2β))N dν1(y|x)dν2(z|x) ≤ 1 , for every β ∈ (0, 1/2). Here fN counts the number of coordinates k for which xk 6= yk and xk 6= zk. In case Q1 = Q2 one may take ν1 = ν2. In the ...

Antigen-binding diversity is generated by site-specific V(D)J recombination of the T cell receptor (TCR) and immunoglobulin loci in lymphocyte precursors. Coordinate expression of two structurally distinct recombinase activating genes, RAG-1 and RAG-2, is necessary for activation of site-specific V(D)J recombination. In mice bearing targeted disruptions of either the RAG-1 or RAG-2 genes, T and...

Studies have suggested that antigen receptor loci adopt contracted conformations to promote long-distance interactions between gene segments during V(D)J recombination. The Tcra/Tcrd locus is unique because it undergoes highly divergent Tcrd and Tcra recombination programs in CD4(-)CD8(-) double negative (DN) and CD4(+)CD8(+) double positive (DP) thymocytes, respectively. Using three-dimensiona...

Racecadotril, an enkephalinase inhibitor, was subjected to hydrolysis (acidic and alkaline), oxidation, photolysis and thermal stress, as per ICH specified conditions. The drug showed extensive degradation under acidic, basic hydrolysis and oxidative stress conditions whereas, it was stable under other stress conditions. A total of seven degradation products (DPs) were observed. The chromatogra...

Natural killer T (NKT) cells are a component of innate and adaptive immune systems implicated in immune, autoimmune responses and in the control of obesity and cancer. NKT cells develop from common CD4+ CD8+ double positive (DP) thymocyte precursors after the rearrangement and expression of T cell receptor (TCR) Vα14-Jα18 gene. Temporal regulation and late appearance of Vα14-Jα18 rearrangement ...

Starting from an analysis for the diverging crosslinguistic grammaticality of DP-internal conjunctions such as this [man and woman] are in love, the article develops a theory of the syntax/semantics interface within the DP and a novel proposal for the interpretation of conjunction. The main claims are that plural/mass denotations are built in stages within the DP, by the combined effect of numb...

Let A be a C *-algebra, T be a locally compact Hausdorff space equipped with a probability measure P and let (A t) t∈T be a continuous field of operators in A such that the function t → A t is norm continuous on T and the function t → A t is integrable. Then the following equality including Bouchner integrals holds T A t − T A s dP 2 dP = T |A t | 2 dP − T A t dP 2. (0.1) This equality is relat...

Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) is recommended for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, used in efforts to contain artemisinin resistance, and increasingly considered for mass drug administration. Because of the narrow therapeutic dose range and available tablet strengths, the manufacturers and World Health Organization recommended regimens involve breaking tablets into halves to accurat...

Transcriptional control of gene expression in double-positive (DP) thymocytes remains poorly understood. We show that the transcription factor BCL11B plays a critical role in DP thymocytes by controlling positive selection of both CD4 and CD8 lineages. BCL11B-deficient DP thymocytes rearrange T cell receptor (TCR) alpha; however, they display impaired proximal TCR signaling and attenuated extra...

The apparent speed of plaids made up of two gratings having the same spatial frequency and the same speed was evaluated (symmetrical type I). The plaids were moving vertically as defined by the intersection-of-constraints (IOC) rule with a mean duration of 300 msec. The comparison-stimulus was a horizontal line moving vertically. The main goal of the study was to test the effect of the spatial ...