In 2007, there were 33.2 million people around the world living with HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS/WHO, 2007). In May 2003, the U.S. President announced a global program, known as the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), to address this epidemic. We seek to estimate patient mortality in PEPFAR in an effort to monitor and evaluate this program. This effort, however, is hampered by loss to fol...

The Office of Naval Research has sponsored a collaborative effort between the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division, Advanced Technology and Research Corporation, Newport News Shipbuilders, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Phase I of this effort is nearing completion to autonomously weld double-hull ship sections together. In order to accomplish the delivery ...

Smartphones are innovations that currently provide immense benefits and convenience to users in society. However, not all the users of society are accepting and using smart phones, more specifically, for this research study older adults (50+) are a demographic group displaying such an attitude. Currently, there is minimal knowledge of the reasons that older adults adopt and use smartphones. Bea...

Prior research has characterized the adoption of process standards as a multi-stage effort ranging from the initial implementation through institutionalization. However, relationships between these adoption stages have not been examined significantly. In this study the author analyzes performance data from a large service provider that has implemented a process standardization framework for ser...

I n the preceding article, I proposed live delinitions of strategy -as a plan, ploy, pattern, position, and perspective. Drawing on these, I wish to investigate here the question of why organizations really do need strategies. In discussing some of the conventional reasons as well as other ones-to set direction, focus effort, define the organization, provide consistency-I will consider how thes...

A wide variety of applications, including traditional data transfer and adaptive real-time multimedia, can potentially use the ATM available bit rate service. While these applications all share the ability to adapt their rate, they otherwise may have very different characteristics. The goal of this paper is to examine routing algorithms in the context of two different classes of best-effort app...

The IT landscape in German hospitals is characterized by great heterogeneity. While IT-systems directly supporting medical diagnosis generally show high adoption rates, acceptance of process supporting systems, such as systems supporting the documentation processes, is often not as originally envisioned when the system was implemented. This research analyzes physicians’ perceptions towards adop...

The conflict between the manufacturer and the retailer except the double marginalization is an important issue in order to coordinate the dual-channel supply chain. In the general case of the non-linear stochastic demand which also is affected by the sales effort of the retailer, this paper designs a new buy-back contract to coordinate the dual-channel supply chain. On the base of developing th...

This paper focuses on the relationship between the venture capitalist and the entrepreneur. In particular, it analyses how both players’ unobservable effort levels affect the equity share that the entrepreneur is willing to cede to the venture capitalist. We solve the entrepreneur’s maximization problem in the presence of double-sided moral hazard. In this scenario, we show that the venture cap...

It is known that dense objects seem heavier than larger, less dense objects of the same weight. We have investigated a related illusion, in which visual context biases the apparent weight of a single object. The apparatus is a cabin on a steep hillside near Santa Cruz, CA, tilted 17 degrees from vertical. From its ceiling hangs a weight on a chain. The cabin's tilt makes the weight appear suspe...