Background Fiscal policy targeting tobacco control is identified as the most effective strategy for rapid control of tobacco use. An optimum fiscal policy to estimate the percentage taxation that will maximise the government tax revenue, social savings and the net monetary benefit has not been empirically designed before in Sri Lank...

This paper aims to analyze whether there is a difference between the cost/benefit of climate risk reduction and soybean price in Palotina, Paraná, Brazil. The data were collected from bibliography, official private documents. Climate analyzed based on releases content. methodology de future market was same as B3. Options Black & Scholes model. Also, this developed Leismann Bortoluzzi index ...

What role does political influence play in access to finance? Does this role differ across markets? Using a comprehensive cross-country dataset, I characterize how and why domestic political connections affect firms’ propensities to cross-list securities abroad. Connected firms have better access to foreign capital markets; moreover, the effect of connections is magnified for firms located in c...

Some preventers only stop an effect when it is being produced by certain causes. For example, nasal spray prevents headaches caused by a cold but not headaches caused by dehydration or stress. Thus, preventers differ in preventative scope: the range of circumstances across which a preventer operates. An experiment indicated that people are sensitive to differences in preventative scope and that...

Conceptual analyses can be subdivided into two classes, good and evil. Empirical analysis is the good kind, routinely practiced in the sciences. Orthodox analysis is the malevolent version that plagues philosophical discourse. In this paper, I will clarify the difference between them, provide some reasons to prefer good over evil, and illustrate their consequences for the metaphysics of causati...