The preselection of hypermethylated DNA (hmDNA) from liquid biopsy samples is key to enable early-stage cancer diagnostics. Due limited selectivity the existing approaches, however, wide integration in clinic currently prohibited. Here, it argued that an affinity method on a surface, such as used chromatography, can be significantly improved by employing principles multivalency and superselecti...

Abstract Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) is a popular method for characterizing cytosine methylation because it fully quantitative and has base-pair resolution. While WGBS prohibitively expensive experiments involving many samples, low-coverage can accurately determine global erasure at similar cost to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays ...

The molecular weight of native vaccinia deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is 1 to 1.17 times that of native T4 DNA. Sedimentation of denatured vaccinia DNA through alkaline sucrose gradients yields an apparent molecular weight greater than twice that of denatured T4 DNA, implying that the complementary strands of vaccinia DNA do not separate upon denaturation. When alkali-denatured vaccinia DNA is ne...

To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this Federally-funded grant final report available electronically in addition to traditional paper copies. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Introduction Forensic DNA testing is seriously hampered by a growing backlog of DNA samples. There...

Affinity chromatography is a method which depends essentially on the interaction between the molecule to be purified and a solid phase that will allow the separation of contaminants. Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins which can be purified by affinity chromatography; also, the presence of multiple molecular forms of lectins in a preparation can be separated. Immobilized lectins have been...

The presence of the nucleus is the distinguishing feature of eukaryotic cells, separating the genome from the cytoplasm. Key cellular events, including transcription, DNA replication, RNA-processing and ribosome biogenesis all take place in the nucleus. All of these processes can be regulated through controlled and bidirectional translocation of proteins across the nuclear envelope, making the ...

A protein inhibitor for human DNA ligase I has recently been identified. It was copurified with a fraction of the enzymes from HeLa cells through several steps of chromatography. The inhibitor was first identified by the absence of ligation activity of the associated enzyme, while it retained the ability to form the ligase-[32P]AMP adducts. The inhibitor was eluted as a single peak at approxima...

Bioactive molecules (or signaling molecules) are involved in tissue regeneration and have an important role modulating the microenvironment vivo. chemicals ability to govern host cell motility, proliferation, differentiation, as well enabling cells interact with their surrounding via particular receptors for chemical recognition. This chapter introduces ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) a metho...

Four DNA binding histone-like proteins have been purified from the nucleoid of the acidothermophilic archaebacterium Sulfolobus acidocaldarius to homogeneity employing DNA-cellulose chromatography and carboxymethylcellulose chromatography. The molecular weights of these proteins are in the range 8,000-12,500. Immunoblotting results suggest that a few antigenic determinants are common among thes...

Methylhydrazine oxidation promoted by horseradish peroxidase-H2O2 or ferricyanide led to the generation of high yields of methyl radicals and to the formation of 7-methylguanine and 8-methylguanine upon interaction with calf thymus DNA. Methyl radicals were identified by spin-trapping experiments with alpha-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-tert-butyl nitrone and tert-nitrosobutane. The methylated guanine ...