Objective: Bladder function depends upon several complex signaling pathways that induce either contraction or relaxation. We performed nerve re-routing surgery on bladder of decentralized dogs (reinnervated) as a model with the goal of restoring bladder function in spinal cord injured patients. The neuromuscular nicotinic receptor blocker, succinylcholine blocks spinal root-stimulated bladder c...

Background Nitrification inhibitors (NI) may be used to inhibit nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agricultural soils, but their efficacy could strongly affected by soil temperature and moisture. Aims This study investigated how different NI behave in a sandy under variable moisture levels, which currently remains unclear. Methods Efficacies of four [dicyandiamide (DCD), 3,4-dimethylpyrazole ph...

Abstract We present radial velocity measurements of the very bright (V ∼ 5.7) nearby F star, DMPP-4 (HD 184960). The anomalously low Ca ii H&K emission suggests mass loss from planets orbiting a activity host star. Periodic variability with ∼10 m s−1 amplitude is found to persist over >4 year timescale. Although non-simultaneous photometric in four tess sectors supports view an inact...

Sodium ascorbate, an antioxidant, has been reported to have a complex stimulating action on guinea pig ileal longitudinal smooth muscle (3.5-7). Acetylcholine-induced contractions are augmented (3,6) in small concentrations. Larger concentrations inhibit spasmogenic responses induced by acetylcholine, histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine (2,3,5), potentiate the effect of DMPP on guinea pig ileum b...

The effect of sympathetic stimulation on bronchial smooth muscle contractile response after mast cell degranulation with Ascaris suum antigen was studied in 36 natively allergic dogs in situ. Bronchial smooth muscle response was measured isometrically in a single right middle lobe bronchus. A dose of antigen causing maximal release of mediator was administered to the bronchus through the bronch...

Sarnelli, Giovanni, Pieter Vanden Berghe, Petra Raeymaekers, Jozef Janssens, and Jan Tack. Inhibitory effects of galanin on evoked [Ca ]i responses in cultured myenteric neurons. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 286: G1009–G1014, 2004. First published January 22, 2004; 10.1152/ajpgi.00255.2003.—Galanin modulates gastrointestinal motility by inhibiting the release of ACh from enteric neur...

Lubiprostone activates ClC-2 chloride channels in epithelia. It is approved for treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation in adults and constipation-predominate irritable bowel syndrome in women. We tested a hypothesis that lubiprostone can reverse the constipating action of morphine and investigated the mechanism of action. Short-circuit current (Isc) was recorded in Ussing chambers as a ma...

Neuronal nicotinic ACh receptors (nAChRs) are present in the rat medial habenula (MHB) and interpeduncular nucleus (IPN), two brain regions connected through the fasciculus retroflexus (FR). The goal of the present study was to compare the electrophysiological and pharmacological characteristics of nAChRs located at pre- and postsynaptic sites within the MHB-IPN system. nAChRs located on the so...