In in vitro brain/spinal cord preparations from larval lamprey, locomotor-like ventral root burst activity can be initiated by pharmacological (i.e., "chemical") microstimulation in several brain areas: rostrolateral rhombencephalon (RLR); dorsolateral mesencephalon (DLM); ventromedial diencephalon (VMD); and reticular nuclei. However, the quality and symmetry of rhythmic movements that would r...

1. The mesothoracic dorsal longitudinal muscle (DLM) of the katydid Neoconocephalus robustus is used in stridulation and flight; the metathoracic DLM is used in flight only. The DLM's in the two segments have radically different maximum operating frequencies, 200 Hz for the mesothoracic muscle during stridulation and 20 Hz for the metathoracic muscle during flight. 2. Cable analysis was used to...

Protein structure depends on weak interactions and covalent bonds, like disulfide bridges, established according to the environmental conditions. Here, we present the validation of two spectroscopic methodologies for the measurement of free and unoxidized thiols, as an attribute of structural integrity, using 5,5'-dithionitrobenzoic acid (DTNB) and DyLight Maleimide (DLM) as derivatizing agents...

The in vitro glucuronidation of a range of structurally diverse chemicals has been studied in hepatic and renal microsomes from human donors and the beagle dog. These studies were undertaken to improve on the limited knowledge of glucuronidation by the dog and to assess its suitability as a model species for pharmacokinetic studies. In general, the compounds studied were glucuronidated severalf...

Distributed lag models (DLM) are attractive methods for dealing with mortality displacement, however their estimates can have substantial bias when the data is generated by a multi-state model. In particular DLMs are not valid for mortality displacement. Alternative methods are scarce and lack feasibility and validation. We investigate the breakdown of DLM in three state models by means of simu...

The distribution of thalamic projection neurons to the Wulst was examined in the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) using the retrograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) method. After injection of WGA-HRP into the unilateral Wulst, retrogradely labeled neurons (RLneurons) were found ipsilaterally in zones A and B of the nucleus dorsolateral...

There is a significant dorso-ventral temperature gradient in the dominant flight muscles [dorsolongitudinal muscles (DLM(1))] of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta during tethered flight. The mean temperature difference was 5.6°C (range=3.8-6.9°C) between the warmer, ventral-most subunits and the cooler, dorsal-most subunits. As force generation in muscle depends on temperature, the mechanical energy o...

Plasma amino acid response of wethers to abomasal infusions of DL-methionine (DLM), DL-homocysteine thiolactone-HCl (HCTL) and N-acetyl-DL-methionine (NAM), in vivo rumen stability of the latter two methionine analogs and preintestinal absorption of HCTL were studied. The daily infusion of 1.06 g of DLM elevated molar percentage of methionine and lysine in plasma'and decreased molar percentage ...

One way to improve the accuracy of automatic speech recognition (ASR) is to use discriminative language modeling (DLM), which enhances discrimination by learning where the ASR hypotheses deviate from the uttered sentences. However, DLM requires large amounts of ASR output to train. Instead, we can simulate the output of an ASR system, in which case the training becomes semisupervised. The advan...

Although the separation between Digital Landscape Model (DLM) and Digital Cartographic Model (DCM) is considered as state of the art, data producers, like national mapping agencies, still wrestle with the question what to store explicitly in order to efficiently maintain their geographic databases and maps (cf. Stoter et al., 2008). In this paper we will try to show that explicit storage of bot...