Schloss and Murray (S&M) have provided an insightful and important contribution to our understanding of the role of supernatural punishment in the evolution of religious systems. Future researchers will need to pay particular attention to their refinements of the cooperation enhancement (CE) and punishment avoidance (PA) approaches. While S&M acknowledge ‘‘considerable empirical support that . ...

the term divine favor in mullā ṣadrā’s transcendental philosophy means divine essential knowledge that is the origin of objective actualization of action and the best order. in addition, divine knowledge is also considered as common between the essential and actual attributes. therefore, divine knowledge can be analyzed in terms of essential (divine knowledge) and actual (the best order). the m...

Since antiquity, mental illnesses have proven challenging for individuals suffering with them, for families who wish to support them, and for communities in which they live. Evolution in the development of community services and supports has been predicated on the understanding or interpretation of mental illness, aided by acceptance and innovation, but often anchored in ignorance, stigma, and ...

this paper has studied motahari's point of view  on the divine revelation as a methodological problem. in islamic philosophers' point of view, divine revelation is result of :union: of prophet and active intellect. they consider the divine revelation as knowledge and emphasize its cognitive identity. on the other hand, some scholars reduce the divine revelation to tendencies and empha...

This article explores the state of the art in theories of special divine action by means of a study of the Divine Action Project (DAP) co-sponsored by the Vatican Observatory and the Center for Theology and the Natural Sciences in Berkeley. The basic aim is to introduce the DAP and to summarize its results, especially as these were compiled in the final “capstone” meeting of the DAP, and drawin...