Evaluation of the interaction between a new and the existing underground structures is one of the important problems in urban tunneling. In this work, using FLAC3D, four numerical models of single- and twin-tube tunnels in urban areas are developed, where the horizontal distance between the single- and twin-tube tunnels are varied. The aim is to analyze the effects of the horizontal dista...

this study was conducted to identify drought event and its emerging regions in markazi desert, iran with focus onsemnan province in a 30 years statistical period. in this research, 61 stations having adequate data selected and usedafter extracting annual statistic from monthly and daily data. standardized precipitation index values for each stationwere calculated and classified. the results hav...

regarding the importance of competitive advantages among the transportation systems, improving the costumer’s satisfaction is an important factor in attracting them to these systems. in this research, we focus on the effects of constructing new stations on users and a new mathematical model is proposed for this problem. in the proposed model, two simultaneous effects on customers by constructin...

the healthy condition of the taleghan river in upstream of the taleghan dam was studied in order to better understanding the role of benthic invertebrate bio-purification faced to waste water inflows to the river in several parts. sampling was started from the fall of 2005 and continued to the winter of 2006. in this way, five stations were selected using a pre-sampling strategy based on simila...

The Persian oak, Quercus brantii, trees in the Zagros region of Western Iran have been in decline since 2000. The decline is assumed to be highly connected with changes in meteorological parameters. Our objectives were to quantify the long-term trends in meteorological parameters and reference evapotranspiration (ET0) in the Zagros region and estimate ecohydrological parameters highly affected ...

a 3-km reach of the luján river was studied by establishing 6 sampling stations, which were from 300 to 500 m apart. the first station was the control reading for river nutrients and particulate material. the second station measured the continuous effluent from a wastewater treatment plant flow of the city of luján and was, therefore, considered a continuous addition point of nutrients. the oth...

This paper analyzes an emerging architecture of cellular network utilizing both planar base stations uniformly distributed in Euclidean plane and base stations located on roads. An example of this architecture is that where, in addition to conventional planar cellular base stations and users, vehicles also play the role of both base stations and users. A Poisson line process is used to model th...