Plasma shock waves widely exist and play an important role in high-energy-density environment, especially the inertial confinement fusion. Due to large gradient of macroscopic physical quantities coupled thermal, electrical, magnetic, optical phenomena, there not only hydrodynamic non-equilibrium (HNE) effects but also strong thermodynamic (TNE) around wavefront. In this work, a two-dimensional...

We present a method of incorporating the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) method with the point matching method to formulate the T -matrix for modeling arbitrarily shaped micro-sized objects. The T -matrix elements are calculated using point matching between fields calculated using vector spherical wave functions and DDA. When applied to microrotors, their discrete rotational and mirror symm...

due to the changes which may occur in their parameters, systems are usually demonstrated by some subsystems for different conditions. this paper employs modified petri nets (mpn) to model theses subsystems and makes it simple to analyze them. in this method, first, the continuous transfer function is converted to a discrete transfer function and then, by mpn, system is modeled and analyzed. all...

The Big Bang-Big Crunch (BB–BC) method is a relatively new meta-heuristic algorithm which inspired by one of the theories of the evolution of universe. In the BB–BC optimization algorithm, firstly random points are produced in the Big Bang phase then these points are shrunk to a single representative point via a center of mass or minimal cost approach in the Big Crunch phase. In this paper, the...