Citrus reproductive biology is complex. One of its characteristic features parthenocarpy that enables seedless fruit production. and self-incompatibility knowledge only partial sometimes discrepant. Increasing such relevant for better managing cultivated varieties improving the selection parents in breeding strategies to recover as mandarins. This work develops an efficient protocol characteriz...

Hamilton's theory of kin selection is one of the most important advances in evolutionary biology since Darwin. Central to the kin-selection theory is the concept of inclusive fitness. However, despite the importance of inclusive fitness in evolutionary theory, empirical estimation of inclusive fitness has remained an elusive task. Using the concept of individual fitness, I present a method for ...