abstract: the present study is an attempt to find out cultural exophoric references in iranian high-school elt textbooks and touch stone series to compare the frequency of occurrence of such references in these books. the purpose is to find out which of the series of the books under investigation impose a greater referential burden on efl learners as far as their reading comprehension of the ...

this study explored reading strategy use of tefl ma students when they read academic research articles in english. the purpose of this study was to investigate how this group of readers typically approaches reading academic research articles related to their field of study, and also what they do in reading such research articles. the aim of the present study was bilateral. first, the researcher...

اسیدهای آلی و نمک های آن ها به دلیل توانایی در جلوگیری از رشد میکروارگانیسم ها درصنایع مواد غذایی، آرایشی و بهداشتی به طور گسترده مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند. یکی از این ترکیب ها پتاسیم سوربات است. در این پژوهش مشخص شد که می توان از ترکیب سوربات جیوه(hg2(sorbate)2 ) (i) به عنوان یونوفر مناسب برای الکترود شناساگرغشایی بر پایه pvc حساس به یون سوربات در محیط آبی استفاده شود. پلی وینیل کلراید (poly ...

drought is transient phenomenon , slow , repetitive and integral part of the climate of each region. drought begins with a substantial reduction in precipitation over the long-term average rainfall and over time, reduced soil moisture and surface and ground water resources will continue to decrease. this phenomenon is the most important in bakhtegan basin because of its importance in strategic ...

even though, to date, a lot of studies have been conducted on the subject of politeness theory, there are very few studies regarding the applicability of this theory to translation between english and persian which shows the reason behind conducting the present study. this study was carried out with the aim of highlighting whether there is any difference between english and persian methods of u...

the present study was carried on to investigate the use of face-keeping strategies in reaction to complaints by male and female in two different cultures, persian and american english. to see if apology strategies are affected by cultural, contextual preferences and gender of interlocutors in two distinct languages of persian and american english. the hypotheses to be tested were 1) ifids, acce...

in the area of vocabulary teaching and learning although much research has been done, only some of it has led to effective techniques of vocabulary teaching and many language learners still have problem learning vocabulary. the urge behind this study was to investigate three methods of teaching words. the first one was teaching words in context based on a traditional method of teaching that is,...