Short-term (h) and long-term (days) individual variability and the effects of momentary change in feeding intensity on digestion time were studied in the scyphomedusa Aurelia aurita as a basis for developing a method to experimentally measure the digestion rate with a high precision. Ten individual medusae showed only small, non-significant differences in average digestion time (range, 2.1-2.5 ...

Manure residues have been identified as a major source of environmental pollution. Traditionally, the waste has been disposed directly or after composting, as soil amendments in the agricultural industry. Since this practice has resulted in the degradation of air, soil, and water resources, new regulations for protecting the environment have been promulgated to control land application of anima...

Ruminants, cloven-hoofed mammals of the order Artiodactyla, obtain their food by browsing or grazing, subsisting on plant material (Hungate, 1966). Today, 193 species of living ruminants exist in 6 families: Antilocapridae, Bovidae, Cervidae, Giraffidae, Moschidae and Tragulidae (Nowak, 1999). The number of wild ruminants is about 75 million and of domesticated about 3.6 billion (Hackmann and S...

In the evolution of the digestive system of the mammal, the gastric mechanism appears to be the final and most recent addition to the alimentary armamentarium. It is found in all mammals and nearly all vertebrates. Its reported occurrence in lower animals is rare and scattered, perhaps even open to serious question. This statement is not in accord with much of the older literature. Pepsin has b...

Aerobic sludge digestion in the presence of Fenton's reagent and hydrogen peroxide was examined. Fenton's reagent considerably improved the aerobic digestion process in comparison with hydrogen peroxide as well as classical aerobic digestion. Application of Fenton's reagent also led to improvement of settling and dewatering properties of sludge and much better clarity of supernatant. Its drawba...

A method to quick detect concentration of lecithin in eggs, namely microwave digestion spectrophotometry, was established in this research. The homogenate of eggs was treated with absolute ethanol to eliminate phosphate protein in eggs which could possibly affect concentration of lecithin examined. A sample then received a new way of pre-treatment, called microwave digestion, before UV-Vis ...

The goal of this paper was to assess the possibilities for one-stage reactor anaerobic digestion processing fruit and vegetable biomass within a biorefinery concept optimum products. Co-digestion simplest strategy implement increase product yield among variables tested (pH, ultrasonification, co-digestion). Methane yields from co-digestion waste (FVW) pig manure (PM) ranged 318 434 NmL /g VS, w...