Miltefosine was the first oral compound approved for visceral leishmaniasis chemotherapy, and its efficacy against Leishmania donovani has been well documented. Leishmania amazonensis is the second most prevalent species causing cutaneous leishmaniasis and the main etiological agent of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil. Driven by the necessity of finding alternative therapeutic strategi...

OBJECTIVES We aimed to obtain an estimate of the prevalence and demographics of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and its subtypes at the turn of the millennium. METHODS Case finding from multiple sources from a defined geographical area. Diagnosis confirmed by clinical examination. RESULTS The crude prevalence of SSc in northeast England was 8.8 (95% CI: 6.8-10.8) per 100,000. The prevalence when a...

Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma; SSc) is divided further into limited cutaneous disease and diffuse cutaneous disease on the basis of the extent of skin thickening. Limited disease is defi ned as skin thickening that only affects the extremities below the elbows and/or below the knees. Diffuse cutaneous disease is defi ned as skin thickening proximal to the elbows/or knees in addition to distal...

The authors report the case of a patient presenting with cutaneous, renal and neurologic vasculitis in the course of relapsing polychondritis (RPC). A 78-year-old man presented with a palpable purpura of the lower limbs, high fever arthralgias, delirium, and nephrotic syndrome. He had a history of relapsing polychondritis treated by corticosteroids. Renal biopsy showed diffuse endo- and extraca...

Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type (PCDLBCL-LT) is a rare diffuse large B-cell lymphoma confined to the skin of the legs. The typical presentation is characterized by solitary or multiple growing plaques, usually confined to one leg. We report a case of PCDLBCL-LT of activated B-cell subtype characterized by multiple local relapses in the legs, initially, and systemic rel...

This work was conducted at the Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Sabana, and at the Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Surcolombiana. Histoid leprosy, a clinical and histological variant of multibacillary leprosy, may offer a challenging diagnosis even for experts. An 83-year-old woman presented with papular, nodular and tumor-like lesions of 3 years of evolution, affecting fingers, toes, ...

AIM To evaluate the clinical and antibody profile of systemic sclerosis (SSc) in a Malaysian cohort. METHODS Consecutive patients with SSc in University Malaya Medical Centre from March to November 2012 were included in this study. In addition to clinical characterization, all subjects underwent autoantibody testing using Euroline immunoblot assay. The association between clinical features an...

Cell-mediated immunity requires costimulatory activity to initiate or inhibit antigen-specific T-cell responses. CTLA-4 is an inhibitory receptor expressed by activated and regulatory T cells. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) +49 A/G of the CTLA-4 gene alters intracellular distribution of CTLA-4, interleukin-2 production, and, as a consequence, T-cell proliferation. The aim of this stud...

Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis is a rare form of characterized by an inadequate immune response the host cells to parasitic invasion (weak T-helper (Th)1 or Th2 with production interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10). The characteristic features disease include diffuse nodular eruption, masquerading as leprosy frequent association immunosuppression (HIV co-infection, for example). Russian Federation non...

Primary cutaneous lymphomas are defined as lymphocytic neoplasias that present themselves clinically in the skin without extracutaneous disease at diagnosis and up to 6 months after it. The authors report the case of an elderly male patient, with a three- month-history of papules in the axilla which evolved into painful ulceration. Examination found deep ulcer with irregular borders ,infiltrate...