the major aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between iq, eq and test format in the light of test fairness considerations. this study took this relationship into account to see if people with different eq and iq performed differently on different test formats. to this end, 90 advanced learners of english form college of ferdowsi university of mashhad were chosen. they were ask...

Nomadic life is a way of life with annual relocation in which a group of people moves with their cattle from winter tents to summer pastures and returns to their winter camps in the cold season. The most important characteristic of nomadic life is movement to meet the needs of their life style. This relocation requires certain conditions which overshadow all aspects of nomadic life such as arch...

Background & Aim: Quality of life indicates the level of individual’s satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the different aspects of life and has specific characteristics at each stage of life. The quality of life in the elderly may be influenced by death anxiety and depression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of depression and death anxiety to the quality of life among th...

Objectives Reduction of physical and mental strength along with several diseases in aging severely diminishes elder people's quality of life. Meanwhile, self-efficacy can improve quality of life. We aimed to assess the relationship between self-efficacy and quality of life in elderly living in nursing homes. Methods & Materials In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 87 elder people living ...

Bacterial communities are able to form complex and three-dimensional biofilm structures. Biofilm formation is an ancient and integral component of the prokaryotic life cycle and a key factor for survival in diverse niches. In biofilms, bacterial lifestyle changes from free-floating cells to sessile cells. Presence in biofilms gives new traits to bacteria, which distinguish them from free cells....