The effect of the bile acid sequestrant, colestipol hydrochloride, on the incidence of dimethylhydrazine-induced tumors of the large intestine was determined in male Swiss mice. The subcutaneous administration of dimethylhydrazine (15 mg/kg) produced tumors in approximately 89% of the animals with an average of 1.70 tumors per tumor-bearing animal. When carcinogen-treated animals received dieta...

The hyperphagia, low sympathetic nervous system tone, and decreased circulating concentrations of bioactive thyroid hormones that are common to states of congenital leptin deficiency and hypoleptinemia following and during weight loss suggest that the major physiological function of leptin is to signal states of negative energy balance and decreased energy stores. In weight-reduced humans, thes...

BACKGROUND Both dietary phosphorus restriction and the ingestion of ammonium chloride (NH(4)Cl) given to rats on a high-phosphorus diet have been shown to preserve renal function in the azotaemic rat. Parathyroidectomy also has been reported to preserve renal function and, in addition, to prevent kidney hypertrophy in the remnant kidney model. Our goals were (i) to evaluate in azotaemic rats th...

background and aims: depression is a growing public health problem in the world. in this study we investigated the relationship between dietary patterns and depression in adults aged 20-50 years living in shiraz, iran. methods: in a cross-sectional study, 416 subjects (180 men and 236 women) aged 20 to 50 years were selected by stratified multistage random sampling. dietary intakes were assesse...

BACKGROUND Dietary energy restriction (DER) has been well established as a potent anticancer strategy. Non-adoption of restricted diet for an extended period has limited its practical implementation in humans with a compelling need to develop agents that mimic effects similar to DER, without reduction in actual dietary intake. Glycolytic inhibitor, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), has recently been sh...

BACKGROUND In vitro and animal data suggest that cadmium, a heavy metal that contaminates some foods and tobacco plants, is an estrogenic endocrine disruptor. Elevated estrogen exposure is associated with breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer risk. OBJECTIVES We examined the association between dietary cadmium intake and risk of these cancers in the large, well-characterized Women's Health ...

Ten young adult cats, 6 intact males and 4 intact females, with reduced renal mass were randomized to receive either normal feline maintenance diet alone or diet plus phosphorus binder in a crossover design with each treatment period of 56 days in duration (Dietary Trial A). For Dietary Trial B, following a 3-month withdrawal period, 6 cats were placed on the intestinal phosphorus binder for 9 ...

Systemic administration of polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), mimics virally-induced activation of TLR3 signalling causing acute small intestine damage, but whether and how mucosal administration of poly I:C causes enteropathy is less clear. Our aim was to investigate the inflammatory pathways elicited after intraluminal administration of poly I:C and determine acute and delayed conseq...

Administration of dietary fibers has various health benefits, mainly by increasing numbers of beneficial bacteria and enhancing production of short-chain fatty acids in the colon. There has been growing interest in the addition of dietary fiber to human diet, due to its prebiotic effects. This study aimed to evaluate the prebiotic activity of inulin using an in vitro batch fermentation system w...