Teh pharmacokinetics of gentamicin were studied in seven chronic renal failure patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Patients received 100 mg of gentamicin in 2 liters of dialysate during an initial pass, and serum and dialysate samples were collected for gentamicin determination. Approximately 49% of the amount introduced into the peritoneal cavity was absorbed systemi...

Used peritoneal dialysis fluid was collected from patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, and its pH and composition were assessed after incubation in either air or air with 5% CO2. Precipitation of calcium, magnesium, phosphate, and proteins occurred in the dialysis fluid incubated in air at 37 degrees C and was associated with a mean pH increase of 1.23 U. Incubation of...

The stress a patient is subjected to during dialysis treatment can be reduced by using a synergetic approach by the medical team. The integration into therapy of the positive psychical resources such as: active positive coping mechanisms, individual or family mental resilience, improvement of the image and self-esteem, better tolerance to frustration can represent an important part in the impro...

CAPD patients given lercanidipine developed non-infective turbid peritoneal dialysis. Differential diagnosis of non-infectious cloudy peritoneal dialysate includes cellular causes (i.e. leucocyte, eosinophils, red cells and malign cells) and non-cellular causes (i.e. triglyceride and drugs) [2]. Yoshimoto et al. [1,3] reported that benidipine, manidipine, nisoldipine and nifedipine caused cloud...

This study investigated the disposition and bioavailability of ceftazidime when it was given intraperitoneally. Seven patients were given 1 gm of ceftazidime intravenously, and 1 wk later, the same dose was given intraperitoneally. After both intravenous and intraperitoneal dosing, serum and peritoneal dialysate samples were obtained at set time intervals over a 24-h period. High-performance li...

OBJECTIVES Peritoneal dialysis patients are at risk of glucose absorption from peritoneal dialysate, not only because of energy imbalance but also the toxic effects of high glucose. The current widely applied formulae may be not suitable for estimation of glucose absorption in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. This study examined the actual glucose absorption in a cohor...

The pharmacokinetics of vancomycin were studied in four patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. After a single intravenous infusion of 10 mg/kg of total body weight, multiple blood, urine, and dialysate samples were collected during a 72-h evaluation period. The steady-state volume of distribution was 0.73 +/- 0.07 (mean +/- standard deviation) liters/kg with a beta half-life of ...

T he adequacy of peritoneal dialysis in terms of urea and creatinine kinetics is becoming better established (1 ,2). Weekly creatinine clearance of more than 50 L normalized to body surface area are currently recommended for minimally adequate dialysis. The delivery of an adequate peritoneal dialysis prescription is dependent on the compliance of the patient with that prescription. Keen et at. ...

The first year following the start of haemodialysis (HD) is associated with increased mortality, especially during the first 90-120 days after the start of dialysis. Whereas the start of dialysis has important effects on the internal environment of the patient, there are relatively few studies assessing changes in phenotype and underlying mechanisms during the transition period following pre-di...