[1] Global trends in a new multi-satellite surface soil moisture dataset were analyzed for the period 1988–2010. 27% of the area covered by the dataset showed significant trends (p = 0.05). Of these, 73% were negative and 27% positive. Subtle drying trends were found in the Southern US, central South America, central Eurasia, northern Africa and the Middle East, Mongolia and northeast China, no...

UNLABELLED Theories of translation differ in the role assigned to the reformulation process. One view, the "horizontal" approach, considers that translation involves on-line searches for matches between linguistic entries in the two languages involved [Gerver, D. (1976). Empirical studies of simultaneous interpretation: A review and a model. In R. W. Brislin (Ed.), Translation: Applications and...

We present a novel device for the characterisation of static magnetic fields through monitoring wavelength shifts of femtosecond inscribed fibre Bragg grating and micromachined slot, coated with Terfenol-D. The device was sensitive to static magnetic fields and can be used as a vectoral sensor for the detection of magnetic fields as low as 0.046 mT with a resolution of ± 0.3mT in transmission a...

Special relativity is one of the monumental achievements of physics of the 20th Century. Whereas Einstein used a coordinate based approach [1], which obscures important geometric aspects of this fundamental theory, many coordinate free geometric languages have since been developed. In [2], D. Hestenes showed how the ideas of special relativity can be elegantly expressed in space-time algebra. T...

The enantioselective synthesis of advanced tetracyclic precursors of madangamine D, bearing rings ABCD of this alkaloid, is reported. The saturated 14-membered ring is assembled from functionalized diazatricyclic intermediates following either ring-closing metathesis or macrolactamization strategies.

KANG LIU, ANASTASIOS D. KOULOUKLIDIS, DIMITRIOS G. PAPAZOGLOU, STELIOS TZORTZAKIS, AND XI-CHENG ZHANG* The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, 275 Hutchison Road, Rochester, New York 14627, USA Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, P.O. Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Greece Department of Material Science and Technology, University of C...

[reaction: see text] A synthetic approach toward the immunosuppressants SNF3345 C and SNF4435 D featuring a tandem Stille coupling/electrocyclization cascade is described.

An efficient stereoselective synthesis of norcembrenolide B (8) and scabrolide D (9) is reported. The strategy is inspired by biogenetic relationships of related cembrenoids. Central to this approach is the construction of norbipinnatin J which upon selective C2 deoxygenation and C8 oxygenation produces norrubifolide and norcoralloidolide A. A sequence of site-selective oxidations and skeletal ...