most previous laboratory studies of local scour at bridge abutments were performed in rectangular channels in which the distributions of flow velocity and bed shear stress were considered uniform in the transverse direction. in reality however, bridge abutments are usually located in the floodplain zone of rivers where velocity and shear stress distributions are directly affected by the lat...

We present principled algorithms for measuring the velocity and 3D location of refractive fluids, such as hot air or gas, from natural videos with textured backgrounds. Our main observation is that intensity variations related to movements of refractive fluid elements, as observed by one or more video cameras, are consistent over small space-time volumes. We call these intensity variations “ref...

secondary flow investigation could be regarded as an important issue in open channel flow, in spite of its lower quantity compared to the base flow in the water course. it should be given special consideration because of the influence on some hydraulic factors in open channel, specifically in compound channels. in compound channels' due to the difference in the flow velocity of the main ch...

The cavity expansion theory is most widely used to predict the depth of penetration of concrete targets. The main purpose of this work is to clarify the differences between the spherical and cylindrical cavity expansion models and their scope of application in predicting the penetration depths of concrete targets. The factors that influence the dynamic cavity expansion process of concrete mater...

The lateral distributions of depth-averaged apparent shear stress, depth mean velocity, and diffusion coefficients are essential in certain quantitative analysis for sediment transport and environmental studies. An analytical method for the computation of these parameters is presented. A mathematical relationship between these parameters, based on the concept of surplus energy transport through...

the goal of this laboratory study is to investigate the effect of pore shapes on seismic wave velocities in carbonate rocks under reservoir conditions. in this research, 41 core plugs of carbonate rocks from oil fields of the southwest of iran were prepared. the compressional and shear wave velocities were measured in both dry and brine saturated samples under several pressures especially reser...