Thermocycling simulates, in vitro, thermal changes that occur in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the number of cycles on microleakage. Class V cavities (1.5 mm deep, 3 mm in height and 3 mm in width) were prepared in bovine teeth, restored with a Single Bond/Z250 restorative system (3M/ESPE) and then divided into five groups of ten teeth each: group 1 was...

Objective: To evaluate knowledge of undergraduates and qualified dentists from a Brazilian Dental School in treating Dentine Hypersensitivity (DH). Methodology: Data obtained 22-item questionnaire were analysed arranged distribution figures. Results: Of 100 respondents, 66.3% indicated that up to 25% their patients had DH; 41.7%, the duration discomfort was eight weeks; 78.4%, they examined pat...

BACKGROUND Dental composites are one of the most desired restorative materials today. Composite materials can be bonded successfully to human tooth enamel; however, developing the same degree of adhesion to dentin or cementum is a more challenging task. Polymerization contraction stress of dental composites is often associated with marginal and interfacial failures of bonded restorations. The m...

objectives : microbial leakage through the implant-abutment (i-a) interface results in bacterial colonization in two-piece implants. the aim of this study was to compare microleakage rates in three types of replace abutments namely snappy, goldadapt, and customized ceramic using radiotracing. materials and methods: three groups, one for each abutment type, of five implants and one positive and ...

The intraligamentary or periodontal ligament (PDL) injection technique uses a standard dental syringe 1,2 and many clinicians have described several difficulties related to it. These include positioning the needle within the desired location, controlling the placement of the needle throughout the administration phase of anesthesia, increased pain perception reported by dental patients due to hi...

There has been dramatic progression in the adhesion of dental adhesives and resins to enamel and dentin in the 40 years since Buonocore1 introduced the technique of etching enamel with phosphoric acid to improve adhesion to enamel. The first dental adhesives bonded resins to enamel only, with little or no dentin adhesion. Subsequent generations have dramatically improved bond strength to dentin...

leakage in water distribution networks causes waste of water and economical losses. in this paper a new method is presented to calculate nodal and pipes leakage in water distribution systems using capabilities of epanet2.10 software. the method estimate the total water losses in the system based on iwa methodology using minimum night flow (mnf) measurements. recognising the pressure dependency ...

To meet the ever-increasing demand of high performance systems, more and more functions are integrated into single chip by scaling down the size of device. Leakage current is becoming an increasingly important fraction of total power dissipation of integrated circuits. As technology scales leakage current grows exponentially and become and increasingly large component of total power dissipation...