It is well known that most important problems faced by many industrial machine parts are the wear and tear which increases the cost of production and wasted time for the replacement process. Now-a-days cryogenic treatment would be regarded as one of the most important processes in the field of industries, and it is the ultra modern type of processing to make the metals more resistant to wear an...

Background and objectives: Recently, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has remained a major cause of morbidity and death. DVT is a serious public health issue and can be complicated by pulmonary embolism and stroke leading to high economic burden. Disease etiologies may include protein C deficiency, protein S deficiency, factor V Leiden gene mutation, prothrombin gene 20210A mutation,...

DURING the early stage of our experiments on the use of low temperature for cataract extraction (Krwawicz, 1961, 1963), we had several opportunities of observing the effects of accidentally touching the cornea with the cryoextractor refrigerated to about -79°C. This accident proved to be quite harmless in all cases as no lasting effect on the clarity of the cornea could be seen after the tissue...

Planetary exploration missions and deep space probes require electrical power management and control systems that are capable of efficient and reliable operation in very low temperature environments. Presently, spacecraft operating in the cold environment of deep space carry a large number of radioisotope heating units in order to maintain the surrounding temperature of the on-board electronics...

For cost effective machining it is necessary to identify and quantify changes in tool material machining characteristics. Cryoprocessing, a supplementary process to conventional heat treatment, involves deepfreezing of materials at cryogenic temperatures to enhance the mechanical and physical properties. The execution of cryoprocessing on cutting tool materials increases wear resistance, hardne...