The types of Clostridium botulinum were found to differ in their abilities to deaminate single amino acids. Cells were prepared from 24to 36-hr cultures grown at 37 C in screw-cap tubes in a medium containing (grams per liter); Trypticase (BBL), 15; Phytone (BBL), 5; yeast extract, 5; K2HP04, 8.5; KH2PO4, 1.5; NaCl, 1; MgSO4. 7H20, 0.25; FeSO4.7H20, 0.0125; and sodium thioglycolate, 1. The cell...

THE final phase of amino-acid metabolism, involving the removal of nitrogen from the amino-group and the production of urea, is generally regarded as involving two distinct processes: (1) deamination, with the liberation of ammonia, (2) dehydration of ammonium carbonate, with formation of urea. The change being represented as: R. CH(NH2) . COOH NH3 (NH4C03CON2H4 Now, while there is no doubt as ...

Methylation of lysine 4 (K4) within histone H3 has been linked to active transcription and is removed by LSD1 and the JmjC domain-containing proteins by amino-oxidation or hydroxylation, respectively. Here, we describe the deamination catalyzed by Lysyl oxidase-like 2 protein (LOXL2) as an unconventional chemical mechanism for H3K4 modification. Infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry analy...

Cytidine deaminase (cytidine aminohydrolase, EC 3.5.4.5) has been purified approximately 160-fold from extracts of Escherichia coli B. The enzyme shows constant activity between pH 6 and 11. No significant change in rate is observed when DzO replaces water as the solvent. In addition to the deamination of cytidine, the purified deaminase catalyzes slow hydrolysis of N4-methylcytidine. The enzym...

Gemcitabine is a cytidine analogue used in the treatment of various solid tumors. Little is known about how gemcitabine and its metabolites are transported out of cells. We set out to study the efflux of gemcitabine and the possible consequences of that process in cancer cells. We observed the efflux of gemcitabine and its deaminated metabolite, 2',2'-difluorodeoxyuridine (dFdU) using high perf...