The Renal sodium-dependent glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) is one of the most promising targets for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Two SGLT2 inhibitors, dapagliflozin, and canagliflozin, have already been approved for use in USA and Europe; several additional compounds are also being developed for this purpose. Based on the in vitro IC50 values and plasma concentration of dapagliflozin meas...

INTRODUCTION Dapagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, is a promising drug approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, its cost is an obstacle for use in developing countries like India. Thus, we aimed to analyse the impact on the cost of insulin therapy after adding dapagliflozin for patients using insulin in real-world clinical practice. ...

Hypoglycemia is the most common side effects for most glucose-lowering therapies. It constitutes a serious risk that faces diabetic patients who fast during Ramadan (the 9th month in the Islamic calendar). New glucose-lowering classes like dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are ef...

Kidneys contribute to glucose homeostasis by reabsorbing filtered glucose in the proximal tubules via sodium-glucose cotransporters (SGLTs). Reabsorption is primarily handled by SGLT2, and SGLT2-specific inhibitors, including dapagliflozin, canagliflozin, and empagliflozin, increase glucose excretion and lower blood glucose levels. To resolve unanswered questions about these inhibitors, we deve...

Pharmacological inhibition of the proximal tubular sodium-glucose linked cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) leads to glycosuria in both diabetic and non-diabetic settings. As a consequence of their ability to modulate tubuloglomerular feedback, SGLT2 inhibitors, like agents that block the renin-angiotensin system, reduce intraglomerular pressure and single nephron GFR, potentially affording renoprotection...

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are usually treated with pharmacologic agents in combination with lifestyle modifications. Recently 2 drugs one being the injectable ultra-long acting analog insulin, degludec and the other being oral sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, dapagliflozin have been introduced to supplement the previous antidiabetic agents. The objective of ...

We have evaluated the efficacy of dapagliflozin in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) without adequate control. We expected that adding dapagliflozin to this population on top of their base treatment would lower their HbA1c levels. We conducted a pragmatic, open, 24-week study of treatment with 10 mg of oral dapagliflozin in patients with DM1 and chronic hyperglycemia. We evaluated gl...

Since the approval of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors by the US Food and Drug Administration for type 2 diabetes, there have been several reports of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis in patients using this class of medication. We present a case of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis where ketonemia and glucosuria persisted well beyond the expected effect of dapagliflozin. Our pati...

Risk of increasing breast and bladder cancer remains a safety issue of SGLT2 (sodium glucose cotransporter type 2) inhibitors, a novel class of antidiabetic agent. We reviewed related papers published before January 29, 2014, through Pubmed search. Dapagliflozin and canagliflozin are the first two approved SGLT2 inhibitors for diabetes therapy. Although preclinical animal toxicology did not sug...

The mechanisms by which sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) improve cardiovascular outcomes in people with diabetes are incompletely understood. Recent studies show that SGLT2i may increase the levels of circulating cells vascular regenerative capacity, at least part lowering glycemia. In this study, we used mice streptozotocin-induced treated dapagliflozin a dose reduced glucose...