The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect housing system on behaviour, performance, and health dairy calves. two-year conducted 56 Holstein bull calves (from birth 60 days age) that were placed in individual hutches immediately after their birth. At age 31 days, 28 moved group by four. weighed at birth, 30 age. starter intake recorded once a day. behavioural activities (lying, standing c...

A total of 648 purebred Holstein and 319 backcross Holstein × Jersey dairy cattle were compared for production, reproduction, health, linear type, and growth traits. Animals were born between 2003 and 2009 and were housed in the University of Wisconsin-Madison Integrated Dairy Facility. All animals had Holstein dams; lactating dams were mated to unproven Holstein sires to produce purebred (cont...

Although it is stated that there an increase in calf loss rates at the global level and especially modern dairy farms, this issue, which international animal welfare has not been adequately defined national, large farm, or small farm most developing Countries. The rate of deaths before, during, after birth between 2–20% heifers cows. Previous studies showed 75% occur during within first hour bi...

Micronutrients support immune functions and are essential for optimized health production of animals. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect vitamin E C, alone or in combinations, on growth antioxidant capacity neonate dairy calves. For this purpose, eighteen female Holstein Friesian calves were selected. Experimental treatments were; T0 control (milk without supplementation), T1 suppl...

Abstract BACKGROUND: SP-A and SP-D are hydrophilic proteins which regulate the inflammatory response of the lung. Pasteurella multocida is one of the most common bacteria isolated from calves suffering from shipping fever pneumonia, one of the most problems in dairy herds. OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of surfactant content may provide a valuable diagnostic tool for detection of calf pneumonia due to ...

The in situ expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNA in normal and pneumonic lung tissues of Holstein calves with bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) was compared with that of age-matched non-BLAD Holstein calves by in situ hybridization. Twenty-four Holstein calves (both BLAD and non-BLAD) were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups and inoculated intr...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using the preruminant dairy calf as a model for evaluating effects of vitamin D status in the neonate. Because the newborn calf can be sustained during the first weeks of life solely on a fluid diet having a defined composition, has documented nutritional requirements, and is minimally affected by repeated samplings of peripheral bl...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of weaning age on dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (FE), feed cost (FC) and benefit index (BI) of Holstein calves reared under organic farming system. Thirty two Holstein calves were divided into two treatments: early weaning (EW) vs. late weaning (LW). Calves in the both groups were provided with whole mi...

in order to investigate the effect of adding fennel powder (foeniculum vulgare) in starter diet on performance, immunity system and biometric parameters of holstein calves, 30 holstein calves (15 males and 15 females) with birth weight of 40±0.5 kg were used in a completely randomized design. experimental diets were: 1. starter without fennel powder (control), 2. starter containing 0.4% fennel ...

Hill, Stephanie Rene. The Effects of Cottonseed Hulls Added to Diets With and Without Live Yeast or Mannanoligosaccharide in Young Calves (Under the direction of Dr. B. A. Hopkins and Dr. L. W. Whitlow). The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of fiber in the form of cottonseed hulls (CSH) added to the starter and of live yeast (YST) or mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) added to mi...