The molecular architecture of the surfactant lipoprotein system is important in understanding its interaction with the microbial world. It consists of 90% lipids — mainly phospholipids — and 5–10% specific lipoproteins consisting of four major apoproteins (SP-A, SP-B, SP-C, and SP-D). The importance of SP-A and SP-D for innate immunity of the lung is recognized now (1,2). The surfactant complex...

Pectins, forming a matrix for cellulose and hemicellulose, determine the mechanics of plant cell walls. They undergo salient structural changes during their development. In the presence of divalent cations, usually calcium, pectins can form gel-like structures. Because of their importance they have been the subject of many force spectroscopy experiments, which have examined the conformational c...

The structural characteristics of corn stalks hemicelluloses during the active oxygen cooking process as a pretreatment of biomass conversion were investigated in this work. The hemicelluloses obtained from the corn stalks, pulp, and yellow liquor were evaluated by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), gel permeation chromatogra...

A pedagogically oriented review is given of progress made over the past year in our understanding of physics related to the charm quark. Included are discussions of the Rc deficit, the ψ ′ anomaly, charm spectroscopy, D nonleptonic decays, searches for flavor-changing neutral currents, new limits on D 0 − ¯ D 0 mixing and prospects for future experimental studies of the charm sector.

BACKGROUND Recently synthesized novel oligosaccharides have been produced primarily by hydrolases and glycosyltransferases, while phosphorylases have also been subject of few studies. Indeed, phosphorylases are expected to give good results via their reversible reaction. The purpose of this study was to synthesis other novel oligosaccharides using kojibiose phosphorylase. RESULTS Three novel ...

The chemical structure of the new angucycline antibiotic landomycin A has been elucidated via chemical and spectroscopic methods, in particular by 2D NMR correlation spectroscopy, e.g., 1H, 1H-COSY, 13C, 1H-COSY, correlation spectroscopy via long-range-couplings and heteronuclear multiple bond connectivity spectroscopy sequences. The spectroscopic investigations were carried out principally wit...

The 3+2 cycloaddition reaction of 1-(4-phenylphenacyl)-1,10-phenanthrolinium ylide 4 with activated alkynes gave pyrrolo[1,2- 4a][1,10]phenanthrolines 6a-d. The "one pot" synthesis of 6a,b,d from 4, activated alkenes, Et(3)N and tetrakis-pyridine cobalt (II) dichromate (TPCD) is described. The helical chirality of pyrrolophenanthrolines 6b-d was put in evidence by NMR spectroscopy.

The cell envelope which surrounds pathogenic mycobacteria is postulated to be a defence barrier against phagocytic cells and its outermost constituents have a tendency to accumulate in the culture medium. The present work demonstrates that the exocellular material of Mycobacterium tuberculosis contains large amounts of polysaccharides with only traces, if any at all, of lipids. Three types of p...

The present experiment was conducted to provide a validation of a previously developed model for online classification of US Select carcasses for LM tenderness based on visible and near-infrared (VISNIR) spectroscopy and to determine if the accuracy of VISNIR-based tenderness classification could be enhanced by making measurements after postmortem aging. Spectroscopy was conducted online, durin...