the improvement in the temporal resolution of seismic data is a critical issue in hydrocarbonexploration. it is important for obtaining more detailed structural and stratigraphic information. manymethods have been introduced to improve the vertical resolution of reflection seismic data. eachmethod has advantages and disadvantages which are due to the assumptions and theories governingtheir issu...

Seismic 3-D field data is often recorded as a set of relatively sparse and often irregular 2-D lines. Under the assumption that the data consists of the superposition of local plane waves, such data can be interpolated by prediction-error techniques using a set of two 2-D filters instead of the conventional single 3-D filter. The two 2-D prediction-error filters are found by two independent lin...

Forward modeling of reflection seismic data is a computational process through which a geologic model (units: horizontal distance, vertical depth; layer acoustic impedance) of the subsurface is transformed into a synthetic reflection seismic record (units: horizontal distance, 2-way travel time; reflection amplitude). Synthetic seismic records (synthetics) are often generated both before and af...

Now that the world has well and truly crossed the threshold to the 21st century, it seems timely to review the progress of lithospheric seismic imaging and comment on recent developments in the field. In the context of this special issue, lithospheric seismic imaging refers to any kind of seismic study that gives rise to multidimensional (2-D or 3-D) views of the Earth's interior, from the shal...

effective approach to defining additional resources using 3-D seismic as the sole data source. Although this example is from a densely drilled province, such a seismic-based approach is often used in frontier areas with sparse well coverage, in step-out regions around known production, can be used for a “quick look” evaluation of existing properties, and for real-time interpretation of newly ac...

many steps of seismic data processing sequence suppose that data sets are sampled in time and spatial dimensions uniformly. today, this assumption is true but only in time dimension. modern seismic exploration equipment permits seismic data sets to be sampled uniformly and densely in time dimension. however, along spatial dimension uniform and dense sampling are not possible because of operatin...

We propose a methodology to propagate uncertainties in seismic pore pressure prediction using a 3-D Probabilistic Mechanical Earth Model (P-MEM). An extended form of Bowers formula is used to link pore pressure to seismic velocity, overburden stress, porosity and clay volume. Probability Distribution Functions (PDFs) for all input variables are stored as attributes in the 3-D MEM. An output PDF...

Attenuation of random noise and enhancement of structural continuity can significantly improve the quality of seismic interpretation. We present a new technique, which aims at reducing random noise while protecting structural information. The technique is based on combining structure prediction with either similarity-mean filtering or lower-upper-middle (LUM) filtering. We use structure predict...