Cubitus varus or “gunstock” deformity, a common longterm complication of a supracondylar fracture [1]. Components of cubitus varus deformity are: a) medial angulation, b) medial rotation, c) extension of distal fragment with or without d) medial epicondyle epiphyseal injury leading to delayed growth of medial condyle and cubitus varus deformity [2]. It is generally believed that functional impa...

this study is an attempt to adapt a post-structural approach for the analysis of ‘trans-relational’ episodes prevalent in the study of workplace discourse analysis. to do this, the talk between three employees working at the same office was recorded and analyzed based on a discourse analytic framework. the results of data analysis revealed that five type of relational episodes are frequent in t...

These studies examined the effects of cocaine on thalamic neurons that respond maximally either to noxious or to innocuous somatic stimulation. Cocaine attenuated high intensity electrically-evoked nociceptive responses of all 25 units studied in the parafascicular and central lateral nuclei of the medial thalamus. A dose of 1 mg/kg intravenously (i.v.) suppressed medial thalamic unit discharge...

The changes in brain temperature and sleep-wakefulness were studied in rats during their exposure to different ambient temperatures of 18 degrees C, 24 degrees C and 30 degrees C, before and after N-methyl D-aspartic acid lesion of the medial preoptic area. The medial preoptic area lesion produced a decrease in sleep, and increase in brain temperature except at 30 degrees C. Increase and decrea...

Toluene is a volatile solvent that is intentionally inhaled by children, adolescents, and adults for its intoxicating effects. Although voluntary use of toluene suggests that it possesses rewarding properties and abuse potential, it is unknown whether toluene alters excitatory synaptic transmission in reward-sensitive dopamine neurons like other drugs of abuse. Here, using a combination of retr...

background: while various radiographic parameters and application of manual/gravity stress have been proposed to elucidate instability for weber b fibula fractures, the prognostic capability of these modalities remains unclear. determination of anatomic positioning of the mortise is paramount. we propose a novel view, the gravity reduction view (grv), which helps elucidate non-anatomic position...