نتایج جستجو برای: cyp2a6

تعداد نتایج: 638  

2016
Kamal Niaz Faheem Maqbool Maryam Baeeri Mohammad Abdollahi

Smoking is predisposed by social, environmental and genetic factors including variation in CYP2A6, CYP2D and CYP2B6, which encode nicotine and codeine metabolizing enzymes. In early adolescence, CYP2A6-induced slow nicotine metabolism was related with higher dependence and reduced cigarette consumption. Our commentary has fully extended prior work illustrating that slow nicotine metabolism medi...

Journal: :Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals 2000
E D Kharasch D C Hankins J K Taraday

Methoxsalen (8-methoxypsoralen) is an effective and selective mechanism-based inhibitor of human hepatic cytochrome P-450 (CYP)2A6 in vitro, and may have utility as a clinical probe for CYP2A6-catalyzed xenobiotic metabolism in humans in vivo. This investigation explored single-dose oral methoxsalen effects on human CYP2A6 activity in vivo, assessed by coumarin 7-hydroxylation. Eleven volunteer...

Journal: :Molecular pharmacology 2003
Kerri A Schoedel Edward M Sellers Roberta Palmour Rachel F Tyndale

Nicotine metabolism is decreased in smokers compared with nonsmokers, but the mechanism(s) responsible for the slower metabolism are unknown. Nicotine is inactivated to cotinine by CYP2A6 in human liver [nicotine C-oxidation (NCO)]. CYP2B6 also metabolizes nicotine to cotinine but with lower affinity than CYP2A6. To evaluate the effects of long-term nicotine treatment on hepatic levels of CYP2A...

Journal: :Pharmacological reviews 2005
Janne Hukkanen Peyton Jacob Neal L Benowitz

Nicotine is of importance as the addictive chemical in tobacco, pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation, a potential medication for several diseases, and a useful probe drug for phenotyping cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6). We review current knowledge about the metabolism and disposition kinetics of nicotine, some other naturally occurring tobacco alkaloids, and nicotine analogs that are under develo...

Journal: :Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals 2007
Takuro Endo Masaaki Ban Kazuma Hirata Akitoshi Yamamoto Yoshiki Hara Yasunori Momose

Pilocarpine is a cholinergic agonist that is metabolized to pilocarpic acid by serum esterase. In this study, we discovered a novel metabolite in human urine after the oral administration of pilocarpine hydrochloride, and we investigated the metabolic enzyme responsible for the metabolite formation. The structure of the metabolite was identified as 3-hydroxypilocarpine by liquid chromatography-...

Journal: :Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics 2006
Kimiko Aoki Yasuharu Kashiwagura Toru Horie Hitoshi Sato Chise Tateno Naoki Ozawa Katsutoshi Yoshizato

Coumarin 7-hydroxylation (COH), which is catalyzed almost solely by human CYP2A6 and mouse CYP2A5, shows large differences in activity (humans>>mice) and inhibitor specificity between mice and humans. To differentiate human and mouse liver functions of chimeric mice (CM1, CM2 and CM3) prepared with hepatocytes from 3 donors, the microsomal COH activities were measured with and without benzaldeh...

2017
Luis A. López-Flores Gloria Pérez-Rubio Ramcés Falfán-Valencia

Tobacco consumption has become a major public health issue, which has motivated studies to identify and understand the biological processes involved in the smoking behavior for prevention and smoking cessation treatments. CYP2A6 has been identified as the main gene that codifies the enzyme that metabolizes nicotine. Many alleles have been identified after the discovery of CYP2A6, suggesting a w...

2007
William S Caldwell R J Reynolds Tobacco

Human CYP2A6 catalyzes the metabolism of nicotine, cotinine, and coumarin as well as some pharmaceutical drugs. CYP2A6 is highly expressed in liver and, also, in brain and steroid-related tissues. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of neurotransmitters and steroid hormones on CYP2A6 activity. We found that coumarin 7-hydroxylation and cotinine 3 -hydroxylation by recombinant ...

2007

Human CYP2A6 catalyzes the metabolism of nicotine, cotinine, and coumarin as well as some pharmaceutical drugs. CYP2A6 is highly expressed in liver and, also, in brain and steroid-related tissues. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of neurotransmitters and steroid hormones on CYP2A6 activity. We found that coumarin 7-hydroxylation and cotinine 3 -hydroxylation by recombinant ...

Journal: :Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 2008
Kiersten S Derby Kristine Cuthrell Christian Caberto Steven G Carmella Adrian A Franke Stephen S Hecht Sharon E Murphy Loïc Le Marchand

Previously, we documented that smoking-associated lung cancer risk is greater in Hawaiians and lower in Japanese compared with Whites. Nicotine metabolism by cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6) varies across ethnicity/race and is hypothesized to affect smoking behavior. We investigated whether higher CYP2A6 activity results in the smoker extracting more nicotine (adjusting for cigarettes per day) and ...

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