We discuss the probability of random knotting for a model of self-avoiding polygons whose segments are given by cylinders of unit length with radius r. We show numerically that the characteristic length of random knotting is roughly approximated by an exponential function of the chain thickness r. keyword characteristic length, random knotting, self-avoiding polygons, knot invariants,knots PACS...

Vesicle cylinders are vertical pipes filled with bubbles and residual melt that differentiate from diktytaxitic basalt flows during crystallization. They grow from about 0.25 m above the base of the flow to the bottom of the chilled flow top. Field relations limit their growth to the period between cessation of lava movement and deep penetration of columnar joints. Basalts containing vesicle cy...

We studied the evolution of elliptic heavy SF6 gas cylinder surrounded by air when accelerated by a planar Mach 1.25 shock. A multiple dynamics imaging technology has been used to obtain one image of the experimental initial conditions and five images of the time evolution of elliptic cylinder. We compared the width and height of the circular and two kinds of elliptic gas cylinders and analyzed...

In the present paper, an exact solution for transient response of an infinitely long functionally graded thick-walled cylinder subjected to dynamic pressures at the boundary surfaces is presented for arbitrary initial conditions. The cylinder is assumed to have a plane-strain condition and the dynamic pressures are assumed to be imposed uniformly and axis...

Ordered mesoporous carbons exhibit appealing properties for many applications, but their function and performance can depend critically on their structure. The in-plane orientation of 2D cylinders from the cooperative assembly of Pluronic P123 and resol has been controlled by application of cold zone annealing (CZA). By varying the moving rate, the preferential in-plane orientation of the self-...

Structural buckling failure due to high external hydrostatic pressure is a major consideration in designing rings and long cylindrical shell-type structures. This paper presents a direct approach for enhancing buckling stability limits of thin-walled rings/long cylinders that are fabricated from multiangle fibrous laminated composite lay-ups. The mathematical formulation employs the classical l...

0266-3538/$ see front matter 2011 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2011.01.009 ⇑ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (G.J. Nie). We present a technique to tailor materials for functionally graded (FG) linear elastic hollow cylinders and spheres to attain through-the-thickness either a constant hoop (or circumferential) stress or a constant in-plane shear stress. The...