Severe lupus nephritis is an aggressive disease that requires an aggressive approach to treatment. Recent randomized clinical trials showed that mycophenolate mofetil compared favorably with cyclophosphamide (traditional approach) for remission induction. Consequently, mycophenolate mofetil is now commonly recommended as first-line therapy. Nevertheless, the role of mycophenolate mofetil in tre...

Fluconazole is increasingly used in children receiving chemotherapy. Many of these patients are being treated with cyclophosphamide, which must undergo hepatic metabolism to produce active alkylating species. As a consequence of the cytochrome P-450 inhibitory properties of fluconazole, a potential interaction exists between these two agents that could influence the therapeutic effect of cyclop...

An active metabolite of cyclophosphamide, N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)phosphorodiamidic acid, has been confirmed as a circulating and excreted metabolite in patients receiving the drug in therapy, by selected ion monitoring on a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer.

PURPOSE The purpose of our study was to determine whether variation in cyclophosphamide metabolism influences the incidence of recurrence among children receiving chemotherapy for B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of cyclophosphamide were studied during a single course of treatment in 36 children receiving a uniform chemotherapy regimen for...

The study was designed with an aim to evaluate the protective effects of reduced glutathione on cyclophosphamide induced lipid peroxidation and also changes in cholesterol content. Goat liver and white New Zealand rabbit were used as lipid source for the models. Lipid peroxidation study was performed by measuring the malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, reduced glutathione and nitric oxide con...

Prolonged immunosuppressive therapy with cyclophosphamide increases the prevalence of neoplasms in NZB/NZW mice, an animal model of systemic lupus erythematosus. The current study was designed to compare the oncogenic properties of high dose cyclophosphamide with a low dose therapeutic regimen. Female NZB/NZW mice received life-long therapy with "high dose" cyclophosphamide, 16 mg/kg/day, or "l...

J The present study identifies the specific human cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes involved in hydroxylation leading to activation of the anticancer drug cyclophosphamide and its isomeric analogue, ifosphamide. Substantial interindividual variation (4-9-fold) was observed in the hydroxylation of these oxazaphosphorines by a panel of 12 human liver microsomes, and a significant correlation was obt...

PURPOSE To determine whether the combination of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib and the bcl-2 antisense molecule oblimersen can sensitize human lymphoma to cyclophosphamide. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Cytotoxicity assays were conducted to determine if there was any additive or synergistic interaction between the combinations of bortezomib, oblimersen, and cyclophosphamide using a standard trypan...

Sir, In our study [1], nine patients completed the 6-month pulse cyclophosphamide therapy, a number that approaches that of the study by Bircan and Kara [2]. However, only one (11.1%) of them has maintained remission 2 years after stopping cyclophosphamide. Additionally, in the earlier study concerning oral cyclophosphamide in steroid-dependent nephrotic patients [3], despite the fact that ster...

Chronic exposure of male rats to the alkylating agent cyclophosphamide, a well-known male-mediated developmental toxicant, alters gene expression in male germ cells as well as in early preimplantation embryos sired by cyclophosphamide-exposed males. Sperm DNA is organized by the nuclear matrix into loop-domains in a sequence-specific manner. In somatic cells, loop-domain organization is involve...