Recent research to increase understanding, and techniques to improve forecasts, of the structure and structural changes of a tropical cyclone due to interaction with the environment are summarized. The atmospheric environment is considered here, and the oceanic, and air-sea interface environments are summarized in Topic 1.3. Progress in understanding how a tropical cyclone interacts with its en...

Interdisciplinary observations of mesoscale eddies were made to the west of the island of Hawai’i. A central goal of the studies is to improve our understanding of the coupling of physical, biological, and biogeochemical processes that occur within these eddies. A specific objective was to test the hypothesis that the physical mechanisms of mesoscale eddies result in increases in nutrient avail...

The results of performance testing of four different cyclone designs are included in this paper. The 1D3D, 2D2D, 1D2D and Barrel cyclone designs are typically used to abate particulate matter (PM) emitted by cotton gins. The PM used for testing included three types of cotton gin trash (with and without lint fiber) and fly ash. The performance tests were conducted at different total trash inlet ...

The overall project goal is to assess the skill of the probabilistic nature of mediumand extended-range forecasts of tropical cyclone activity and track over the tropical WPAC. Skill is examined with respect to processes associated with forcing by various tropical circulation factors, which are hypothesized to be the largest contributor to low-frequency variation in tropical cyclone activity an...

In present study, a three-step multi-objective optimization algorithm of cyclone separators is catered for the design objectives. First, the pressure drop (Dp) and collection efficiency (h) in a set of cyclone separators are numerically evaluated. Secondly, two meta models based on the evolved Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH) type neural networks are regarded to model the Dp and h as the re...

We examined the number of tropical cyclones and cyclone days as well as tropical cyclone intensity over the past 35 years, in an environment of increasing sea surface temperature. A large increase was seen in the number and proportion of hurricanes reaching categories 4 and 5. The largest increase occurred in the North Pacific, Indian, and Southwest Pacific Oceans, and the smallest percentage i...

Because ocean color alters the absorption of sunlight, it can produce changes in sea surface temperatures with further impacts on atmospheric circulation. These changes can project onto fields previously recognized to alter the distribution of tropical cyclones. If the North Pacific subtropical gyre contained no absorbing and scattering materials, the result would be to reduce subtropical cyclo...

Satellite image of storm Aila on 17 September 2020 at 0900 utc. Storm was a high-impact autumn in Finland which well predicted by medium-range forecasts. The extreme winds caused established new Finnish records for the month September. (Source: Meteorological Institute/EUMETSAT.) Extratropical cyclones (ETCs) are responsible most day-to-day variability weather mid-latitudes. ETCs occur frequent...

A numerical analysis of the turbulent and strongly swirling flow field of a uniflow cyclone and its performances is described. The gas flow is obtained by the use of the Reynolds stress model while, the determination of particle flow is ensured by the use of a Stochastic Lagrangian model. The flow features are examined in terms of tangential, axial and radial velocities, pressure drop and separ...

Cyclone is a programming language that provides explicit support for dynamic specialization based on runtime code generation. To generate specialized code quickly, our Cyclone compiler uses a template based strategy in which pre-compiled code fragments are stitched together at runtime. To achieve good performance, the pre-compiled fragments must be optimized. This paper describes a principled a...