The amount of bony support by the glenoid can be determined using the glenohumeral index, i.e. the maximum anteroposterior (AP) diameter of the humeral head divided by the maximum AP dimension of the glenoid. This index has been described theoretically, but has never been validated in practice. In this study we used 20 cadaver shoulders to determine the glenohumeral index in two different ways....

BACKGROUND During recent years, X-ray microtomography (micro-CT) has seen an increasing use in biological research areas, such as functional morphology, taxonomy, evolutionary biology and developmental research. Micro-CT is a technology which uses X-rays to create sub-micron resolution images of external and internal features of specimens. These images can then be rendered in a three-dimensiona...

Standard texts describe human autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) as a cystic kidney disease in which lesions are localized to collecting tubules. Murine models of ARPKD consistently demonstrate an early phase of proximal tubular (PT) cystic involvement, which disappears shortly after birth. This is followed by a phase of collecting tubular (CT) cyst formation and progressive ...

The role of neuroendocrine peptide calcitonin (CT) and its receptor (CTR) in epithelial cancer progression is an emerging concept with great clinical potential. Expression of CT and CTR is frequently elevated in prostate cancers (PCs) and activation of CT-CTR axis in non-invasive PC cells induces an invasive phenotype. Here we show by yeast-two hybrid screens that CTR associates with the tight ...

Computerized tomography (CT) of liver is used in oncologic practice for staging tumors, evaluating response to treatment, and screening patients for hepatic resection. Because of the impact of CT liver scan on major treatment decisions, it is important to assess its accuracy. Patients undergoing liver transplantation or resection provide a unique opportunity to test the accuracy of hepatic-imag...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the concordance between clinic-collected extra-genital specimens and self-collected mailed-in extra-genital specimens among participants seeking sexually transmitted infection testing at a free clinic in Hollywood, CA. METHODS A convenience sample of 210 men who have sex with men were enrolled between February 29, 2016 and December 21, 2016 and received mail-in testing ...

Background Pooling of samples for SARS-CoV-2 testing in low-prevalence settings has been used as an effective strategy to expand capacity and mitigate challenges with the shortage supplies. We evaluated two automated molecular test systems detection RNA pooled specimens. Methods Pooled nasopharyngeal saliva specimens were tested by Qiagen QIAstat-Dx Respiratory Panel (QIAstat) or Cepheid Xpert ...

INTRODUCTION The prevailing view on appendicitis is that the main aetiology is obstruction owing to faecoliths in adults and lymphoid hyperplasia in children. Faecoliths on imaging studies are believed to correlate well with appendicitis. METHODS A retrospective chart review was conducted of 1,014 emergency appendicectomy patients between 2001 and 2011. Faecolith prevalence in adult and paed...

Aim: The study-cohort aims to assess PET-CT's correlation with adenocarcinomas' subtypes and propose a scoring system for mediastinal lymph nodes staging.
 Material Method: patient cohort is multicenter, retrospective analysis of 268 that underwent surgery NSCLC adenocarcinoma. Preoperative PET-CT results node staging was pathologically confirmed on tissue specimens obtained at anatomical ...

Recent advances in the molecular identification and serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae are useful for culture-negative samples; however, there are limitations associated with these methods. We aimed to assess the value of molecular assays for invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) surveillance in South Africa from 2010 through 2012. Nonviable isolates and culture-negative clinical specimens we...