ECERIFERUM1 (CER1) and ECERIFERUM3 (CER3) are key genes in synthesis of alkanes, a major component cuticular waxes land plants. The share extensive similarity, including the N-terminal (ERG3/FAH) C-terminal (WAX2) domains. This study, traces origin, evolutionary history, phylogenetic relationships variation copy number two within beyond Viridiplantae (green plants). Protein homologs both CER1 C...

The aims of this study were to evaluate the cambial activity and phenology three species with different life forms (Alchemilla procumbens, Acaena elongata Ribes ciliatum) along an altitudinal gradient establish which environmental variables (light, soil humidity temperature) had greatest influence on phenological stages. Over two years, data phenology, growth cambium gathered every four weeks i...

Abstract. Microbial consumption of phytoplankton-derived organic carbon in the pelagic food web is an important component global C cycle. We studied cycling two phytoplankton–bacteria systems (non-axenic cultures a dinoflagellate Apocalathium malmogiense and cryptophyte Rhodomonas marina) complementary experiments. In first experiment we grew phytoplankton bacteria nutrient-replete conditions f...

The dinoflagellate Dinophysis is responsible for causing diarrhetic shellfish poisoning impacting aquaculture globally. species are invariably plastidic specialist non-constitutive mixoplankton (pSNCM), combining phagotrophy with acquired phototrophy. acquires phototrophy from another pSNCM, the ciliate Mesodinium , which in turn cryptophytes within Teleaulax-Plagioselmis-Geminigera clade. Desp...

Simultaneous use of both heterotrophic and autotrophic metabolism ("mixotrophy") is common among protists. Strombidium rassoulzadegani is a planktonic mixotrophic marine ciliate that saves chloroplasts from its algal food and obtains a nutritional subsidy via photosynthesis. Cultures from the northeast, northwest, and southwest Atlantic Ocean show similar numerical response parameters (maximum ...

We report an investigation of energy migration dynamics in intact cells of the photosynthetic cryptophyte Rhodomonas CS24 using analyses of steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy measurements. By fitting a specific model to the fluorescence data, we obtain three time scales (17, 58, and 113 ps) by which the energy is transferred from phycoerythrin 545 (PE545) to the membrane-ass...

While the isolated responses of marine phytoplankton to climate warming and to ocean acidification have been studied intensively, studies on the combined effect of both aspects of Global Change are still scarce. Therefore, we performed a mesocosm experiment with a factorial combination of temperature (9 and 15 °C) and pCO2 (means: 439 ppm and 1040 ppm) with a natural autumn plankton community f...

We tested, in the laboratory, the influence of light intensity, temperature, and phosphorus (P) supply on fatty acid (FA) concentrations of four freshwater algae: the green algae Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turpin) Bréb. and Chlamydomonas globosa J. Snow, the cryptophyte Cryptomonas ovata Ehrenb., and the diatom Cyclotella meneghiniana Kütz. We investigated the main and interactive effects of two ...