OBJECTIVE Individuals with dental crowding are the most frequent patients in the orthodontic practice.The purpose of this article is to find out if the lower third molars are the main reason of crowding in the lower dental arch. As well to find out other factors which can influence the lower incisors crowding. METHODS The aim was to identify studies and reviews related to the effect of the lo...

Fascinating evidence was presented recently that monocrowding with Ficoll 70 (Fc70) improves the refolding speed of VlsE that was unfolded in urea (1). This demonstrated the power of macromolecular crowding as present in cellular interiors. However, we noted that the Fc70 concentrations used in this study (1) are high enough to cause self-crowding (2), meaning compaction of the crowder, thus di...

OBJECTIVE We describe patterns of residential crowding among older Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites. We also examine hypotheses about the relationship of residential crowding with assimilation (language and duration of residence) and housing market characteristics. METHODS We employ a multilevel research design, using data from the 2000 U.S. Census of Population. Hierarchical linear models a...

INTRODUCTION Despite a substantial body of literature refuting an association between third molar eruption and crowding of the anterior dentition, the issue continues to be controversial. METHODS A survey was developed to evaluate and compare the current opinions of orthodontists (n = 393) and oral and maxillofacial surgeons (n = 458) regarding the link between third molars and the developmen...

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The conventional unitary model of household behaviour has been tested in several recent studies using, mostly, data from developed countries. These are generally based on a test of the underlying hypothesis that household members pool their income between themselves so that the household acts as a single individual. There is another hypothesis, underlying the unitary model, that each individual...

We consider a Tiebout economy with di®erential crowding and public projects in which agents are distinguished by their tastes and genetic endowments. Agents choose which crowding characteristic, for example, skill, they wish to express, and this a®ects their value to other members of their jurisdiction, club, ̄rm, etc. An agent's choice is in°uenced both by his genetic endowment, which a®ects h...

The risk of external interventions crowding-out intrinsic motivation has long been established in economics. This paper introduces a new dimension by arguing that a crowdingout effect does become possible if individuals receive higher relative compensation. Using a unique, large data set that focuses on 26 seasons in basketball (NBA) we find empirical support for a relative crowding-out effect....