Proponents of school choice argue that schools of choice build stronger parent communities. Using data from the National Household Education Surveys Program, a nationally-representitive cross-section of U.S. households, I examine the empirical evidence for this claim. To account for the difficulties in identifying causal effects in cross-sectional observational data, I estimate a model that inc...

BACKGROUND Residents are commonly involved in establishing goals of care for hospitalized patients. While education can improve the quality of these conversations, whether and how postgraduate training programs integrate such teaching into their curricula is not well established. The objective of this study was to characterize perceptions of current teaching and assessment of goals of care conv...

BACKGROUND After almost a decade of implementing competency-based programs in postgraduate training programs, the assessment of technical skills remains more subjective than objective. National data on the assessment of technical skills during surgical training are lacking. We conducted this study to document the assessment tools for technical skills currently used in different surgical special...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The purpose of this study is to compare faculty and trainees' perceptions of their mentorship experience in otolaryngology training programs in order to identify areas where improvements could yield more productive mentorship. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey design. METHODS Residents and faculty from three otolaryngology-head and neck surgery programs were surveyed...

Collagen content and cross-linking are believed to be major determinants of tendon structural integrity and function. Sex and chronic resistance training have been shown to alter tendon function and may also alter the key structural features of tendon. Patellar tendon biopsies were taken from untrained men [n = 8, 1 repetition maximum (RM) = 53 +/- 3 kg], untrained women (n = 8, 1 RM = 29 +/- 2...

The practice of cross-lingual transfer of speech technology is of increasing concern as the demand for recognition systems in multiple languages grows. Previous work has proved that: firstly, if there is a big difference between the source language and the target language, cross-lingual adaptation may not outperform scratch training even if the training set is limited; secondly, cross-lingual s...

there are three major strategies to form neural network ensembles. the simplest one is the cross validation strategy in which all members are trained with the same training data. bagging and boosting strategies pro-duce perturbed sample from training data. this paper provides an ideal model based on two important factors: activation function and number of neurons in the hidden layer and based u...