Diet-related chronic diseases constitute public health and developmental challenges in Ghana. The Ghana Health Service in 2007 reported a national prevalence of diabetes of 11.6%, 27.8% for hypertension and 25% of women were reported to be overweight. Adolescents usually adopt lifestyles that negatively affect their nutritional and health status and increase their risk for development of diet-r...

Behavioural surveillance and HIV prevention in men who have sex with men. Abstract In 2006 the German Robert Koch Institute conducted the KABaSTI study, a national cross-sectional survey on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour related to sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Germany. Within the context of the study, a two-day workshop was organized with social ...

Background and aims: Loneliness typically includes anxious feelings. It is particularly relevant to adolescence period. It has effect on physical and mental health. The present study aimed to identify the predictive factors of loneliness among high schools female students. Methods: A cross– sectional survey was carried out among high schools female students in Ilam during the academic year 201...

background and purpose: the problematic reduction of civic engagement in local communities of khuzestan province in the southwest of iran has became a serious issue for research in social planning and policy making. efforts have been made to study the risk factors as the deterrents to engaging in the society. methods: this study aims to investigate the factors influencing civic engagement among...

This paper analyzes the risk-return trade-off in the hedge fund industry. We compare semi-deviation, value-at-risk (VaR), Expected Shortfall (ES) and Tail Risk (TR) with standard deviation at the individual fund level as well as the portfolio level. Using the Fama and French (1992) methodology and the combined live and defunct hedge fund data from TASS, we find that the left-tail risk captured ...

objective: burden of diabetes is increasing worldwide. national statistics on prevalence of diabetes in afghanistan are insufficient. thus, this study identified the prevalence of diabetes and key risk factors in kabul, afghanistan. materials and methods: totally 1172 records were cleaned for analysis of whom 599 (51.1%) were females and 573 (48.9%) were males with a mean age of 38.6±12.2 years...

background and aims: students experience some degrees of mental disorders during their life. therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors of mental disorders among the secondary school students in ilam, iran. methods: this is a cross sectional study, carried out among the secondary school students in ilam, iran. we assessed 841 students including 446 m...

conclusions the hav seroprevalence of 90.8% in the studied region may be representative of a highly endemic region of hav that does not require a vaccination program to be commissioned. results it was found that 455 out of 501 (90.8%) serum samples, including those of 211 (42.1%) men and 290 (57.9%) women, were positive for hav igg antibody. education level, age, marital status, and ethnicity w...

How much of the rise in CEO pay can be explained by the increased risk that CEOs are exposed to? This paper employs a life-cycle model of consumption and saving to answer this question, and, more broadly, to study the risk-reward tradeoff in executive compensation. The model incorporates the main types of risk that executives of public corporations face: optionand stock-based pay, pay-performan...

It is difficult to find an existing single model which is able to simultaneously model exceedances over thresholds in multivariate financial time series. A new modeling approach, which is a combination of max-stable processes, GARCH processes, and Markov processes, is proposed. Combining Markov processes and max-stable processes defines a new statistical model which has the flexibility of model...