polyacrylonitril (pan)-supported chitosan (cs) nanocomposite membranes were prepared by cross-linking the cs with 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (apteos) via sol-gel method. pervaporative performances of the cs-sio2/pan membrane for dehydration of aqueous alcohol solutions were investigated. from sem cross-sectional images of the membrane, the spongy pores and the finger-like pores were found in...

Wireless networks are becomming more popular and many network users prefer wireless infrastructure above the wired infrastructure because wireless networks are easy to install, maintain and use. One problem however, is that the network model used to develop protocols for the wireless network is the same layered model used for wired networks. This paper proposes research on cross-layer protocols...

Traditional layered architectures used for wireless networks pose drawbacks in terms of performance and efficiency. The constrained resources of wireless sensor nodes such as memory, computational power, and energy motivate to modify traditional layered architectures. In this paper we present a cross layer management plane for low power wireless sensor networks which enables sensor nodes to exp...

The versatile Ad hoc Networks provides communication among wireless nodes which occurs in the wireless medium. Energy effective routing in MANET [5] is a demanding goal which should be taken under consideration. Moreover, energy effective routing is considered to be the most important design criteria for MANETs because mobile nodes will be powered by batteries with limited capacity. The archite...

The literature on cross-layer protocols, protocol improvements, and design methodologies for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is reviewed and a taxonomy is proposed. The communication protocols devised for WSNs that focus on cross-layer design techniques are reviewed and classified, based on the network layers they aim at replacing in the classical open system interconnection (OSI) network stack...

Recently, the cross-layer design for the wireless sensor network communication protocol has become more and more important and popular. Considering the disadvantages of the traditional cross-layer routing algorithms, in this paper we propose a new fuzzy logic-based routing algorithm, named the Balanced Cross-layer Fuzzy Logic (BCFL) routing algorithm. In BCFL, we use the cross-layer parameters'...

In this paper, we discuss a cross layer congestion control technique of TCP Reno-2 in wireless networks. In this both TCP layer and PHY layer jointly control congestion. The PHY layer changes transmission power as per the channel condition, interference received and congestion in the network, whereas the TCP layer controls congestion using Reno-2 window based flow control. Our simulations show ...

Wireless communication has emerged as one of the most buzzword field from the research point of view over the last few years. Explosive and increased growth of wireless technologies has resulted in increasing demand of better quality of service to the end users. Various cross layer design proposals of wireless networks are reviewed over the last decade. After analyzing various cross layer desig...

Cross-layer optimization solutions have been proposed in recent years to improve the performance of network users operating in a time-varying, error-prone wireless environment. However, these solutions often rely on ad-hoc optimization approaches, which ignore the different environmental dynamics experienced at various layers by a user and violate the layered network architecture of the protoco...

The aim of this paper is to propose a joint cross-layer approach between application layer and MAC layer for enhancing Quality of Service (QoS) for multimedia applications. Bandwidth adaptation scheme based on application utility function is used in the application layer as it reflects the satisfaction degree of end-users with the allocated bandwidth. Prioritized Weight Assignment (PWA) in MAC ...