Vulnerable Swaption In this section, we relax the assumption that Y 1 is the price of a default-free bond. We now let Y 1 and Y 2 to be arbitrary default-free assets, with dynamics dY i t = Y i t ( μi,t dt + σi,t dWt ) , i = 1, 2. (4.36) We still take the defaultable zero-coupon bond with zero recovery and the price process Y 3 t = D(t, T ) to be the third traded asset. We maintain the assumpti...

Credit scores are the most widely used instruments to assess whether or not a person is a financial risk. Credit scoring has been so successful that it has expanded beyond lending and into our everyday lives, even to inform how insurers evaluate our health. The pervasive application of credit scoring has outpaced knowledge about why credit scores are such useful indicators of individual behavio...

One of the most significant developments in international credit markets in recent years has been the trade in Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDO), which has enabled financial institutions to repackage the credit risk of an asset portfolio into tranches to be transferred to investors. The present paper evaluates the credit risk of such a portfolio and the related tranches by applying two prom...

In credit risk management, migration or transition matrices are major inputs for risk management, Credit Value-at-Risk or derivative pricing. After reviewing distance measures for migration matrices we propose some new directed difference indices to measure changes in migration behavior in a more risk-sensitive way. We quantify the changes of the classical distance measures and the new distance...

We examine the correlation in credit risk using credit default swap (CDS) data. We find that the observable risk factors at the firm, industry, and market levels and the macroeconomic variables cannot fully explain the correlation in CDS spread changes, leaving at least 30 percent of the correlation unaccounted for. This finding suggests that contagion is not only statistically but also economi...

We consider the modelling of credit migration risk and the pricing of migration derivatives. To construct a Point-in-Time (PIT) rating migration matrix as the underlying value for derivative pricing we show first that the Affine Markov Chain models is not sufficient to generate PIT migration matrices in both, an economic boom and contraction. We show that the introduction of rating direction an...

Replacement of the traditional interest based credit system with an Islamic credit system was one of the fundamental changes in Iran since 1979. The Islamic credit system, offers the prospect of risk sharing between the borrower and the lender. Small farmers are likely to be risk averse and they are reluctant to go heavily into debt in order to finance investments in new technology and capital ...

Credit risk is the most important of banks’ financial risks. As far as the largest Swedish banking groups are concerned, 60 per cent of their assets consist in lending to the public. Consequently, measures for mitigating credit risk are of significant importance for banks in their risk management. During the financial crisis, credit risk in the financial system has become of focal importance fo...

The credit risk evaluation of corporate bond is one of the difficult and hot research fields in the related research and plays a key role for corporate financing. Based on the fuzzy theory and analytic hierarchy process, a new credit risk evaluation model of corporate bond is presented. First an evaluation indicator system of credit risk of corporate bond is designed through analyzing the chara...

Credit scoring model have been developed by banks and researchers to improve the process of assessing credit worthiness during the credit evaluation process. The objective of credit scoring models is to assign credit risk to either a ‘‘good risk’’ group that is likely to repay financial obligation or a ‘‘bad risk’’ group who has high possibility of defaulting on the financial obligation. Constr...