This paper presents a coupling technique for integrating the element-free Galerkin method (EFGM) with the traditional ®nite element method (FEM) for analyzing linear-elastic cracked structures subject to mode-I and mixed-mode loading conditions. The EFGM was used to model material behavior close to cracks and the FEM in areas away from cracks. In the interface region, the resulting shape functi...

4-(4'-Butoxyphenyl)phenyl-beta-O-D-glucoside was synthesized as a low-molecular-mass gelator. It was able to immobilize a variety of aqueous and organic solvents in large amounts through the formation of three-dimensional self-assembled fibrillar networks. The morphologies of the aggregates depended on the nature of solvent where they were formed. Planar ribbons were observed in water, while he...

Synthetic receptors for phosphates and phosphonates have been generated in SiO2 xerogels via a surface molecular imprinting method. The monomer 3-trimethoxy silylpropyl-1-guanidinium chloride (1) was developed to prepare receptor sites capable of binding with substrates through a combination of ionic and hydrogen bond interactions. HPLC studies and adsorption isotherms performed in water have f...

This article analyses experiments on the kinetics of internal electrochromism thin (micron) films hydrated vanadium pentoxide xerogel with point contacts. It describes a cylindrical model electrochromic colouration, which was used to evaluate concentration colour centres in initial film and after additional hydrogenation this by plasmaimmersion ion implantation.When we compared calculated value...

Deformation in a microcomponent is often constrained by surrounding joined material making the component under mixed loading and multiple stress states. In this study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation are conducted to probe the effect of stress states on the deformation and fracture of nanocrystalline Cu. Tensile strain is applied on a Cu single crystal, bicrystal and polycrystal respectively...

ÐConsider a ceramic in an environment, corroding gradually by a surface reaction. When in addition subject to a mechanical load, the ceramic loses mass preferentially at grain-boundary grooves where stress concentrates, so that atomistically sharp cracks may nucleate. Before becoming a crack, a groove maintains local equilibrium at its root; after, it loses local equilibrium. The crack further ...

Self-assembly of colloidal particles into colloidal films has many actual and potential applications. While various strategies have been developed to direct the assembly of colloidal particles, fabrication of crack-free and transferrable colloidal film with controllable crystal structures still remains a major challenge. Here we show a centrifugation-assisted assembly of colloidal silica sphere...

Colloidal dispersions are known to display a fascinating network of cracks on drying. We probe the fracture mechanics of free-standing films of aqueous polymer-particle dispersions. Thin films of the dispersion are cast between a pair of plain steel wires and allowed to dry under ambient conditions. The strain induced on the particle network during drying is relieved by cracking. The stress whi...

This paper discusses the modeling of residual stresses in fracture problems. Historically, residual stress effects in fracture have focused on the crack driving force, so that solely opening mode residual stresses are assumed to influence fracture. However, residual stresses can effect all components of stress at the crack-tip, and can thereby alter crack-tip constraint and influence material t...

In this work, a new approach is developed for dynamic analysis of a composite beam with an interplay crack, in which a physically impossible interpenetration of the crack faces is prevented by imposing a special constraint, leading to taking account of a force of contact interaction of the crack faces and to nonlinearity of the formulated boundary value problem. Longitudinal force resultants in...