Background: Cyclooxygeanse-2 (COX-2) inhibitors and non-selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) have been associated with increased cardiovascular risk. COX-2 inhibition may lead to an imbalance in prostanoids producing a prothrombotic state, thereby increasing cardiovascular events. Limited data exists on indices of thrombosis in patients taking these medications. Methods...

A group of regioisomeric 5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8 hexahydroquinoline derivatives possessing a COX-2 SO2Me pharmacophore at the para position of the C-2 or C-4 phenyl ring, in conjunction with a C-4 or C-2 phenyl (4-H) or substituted-phenyl ring (4-F,4-Cl,4-Br,4-OMe,4-Me, 4-NO2), were designed for evaluation as selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. These target 5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8 hexahydroquino...

PURPOSE Recent studies have shown that cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 may be involved in tumor growth, invasion and apoptosis in various carcinomas. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has a potent angiogenic activity, and COX-2 promotes angiogenesis by modulating angiogenic factors, including VEGF. Endothelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) is considered as a factor of cell growth, maturation and...

On-line monitoring of batch processes using multi-way independent component analysis has attracted much attention in both academia and industry. This paper focuses on two knotty issues concerning selecting dominant independent components without a standard criterion and determining the control limits of monitoring statistics in the presence of non-Gaussian distribution. To optimize the number o...

Probabilistic properties of Cox processes of relevance for statistical modeling and inference are studied. Particularly, we study the most important classes of Cox processes, including log Gaussian Cox processes, shot noise Cox processes, and permanent Cox processes. We consider moment properties and point process operations such as thinning, displacements, and superpositioning. We also discuss...

Recent clinical trials raised concerns regarding the cardiovascular toxicity of selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors and cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) is now being reconsidered as a target for chemoprevention. Our aims were to determine whether selective COX-1 inhibition could delay or prevent cancer development and also clarify the underlying mechanisms. Data clearly showed that COX-1 was ...

Introduction Cyclooxygenase-1 [COX-1, prostaglandin synthase] catalyses the transformation of arachidonic acid to the unstable intermediate prostaglandin PGH2. Subsequently, thromboxane synthase acts on PGH2 to form TXA2, a transient biological product that induces platelet aggregation and is a powerful vasoconstrictor. Aspirin acts primarily by interfering with the biosynthesis of cyclic prost...

Recent clinical trials raised concerns regarding the cardiovascular toxicity of selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors and cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) is now being reconsidered as a target for chemoprevention. Our aims were to determine whether selective COX-1 inhibition could delay or prevent cancer development and also clarify the underlying mechanisms. Data clearly showed that COX-1 was ...

Cyclooxygenase (COX) 2 expression is regulated via the Ras signaling pathway, and induction of mutated Ras rapidly increases COX-2 levels in intestinal epithelial cells. Protein kinase B (Akt/PKB) is an important effector of Ras signaling and a critical component of Ras-mediated transformation. Here we investigate the role of Akt/PKB in K-Ras-mediated induction of COX-2. Rat intestinal epitheli...