We tested whether the rate at which force is applied to the ground sets metabolic rates during classical-style roller skiing in four ways: 1) by increasing speed (from 2.5 to 4.5 m/s) during skiing with arms only, 2) by increasing speed (from 2.5 to 4.5 m/s) during skiing with legs only, 3) by changing stride rate (from 25 to 75 strides/min) at each of three speeds (3.0, 3.5, and 4.0 m/s) durin...

There have been considerable changes in equipment design and movement patterns in the past few years both in alpine skiing and ski-jumping. These developments have been matched by methods of analysing movements in field conditions. They have yielded new insights into the skills of these specific winter sports. Analytical techniques have included electromyography, kinetic and kinematic methods a...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects PPAR-a (rs4253778) on serum lipids in elite cross-country skiers. This included 34 skiers (23 males and 11 females who participated Turkish skiing national team camp). Genotyping for gene rs4253778 G/C polymorphism performed by PCR Tercyk multicanal amplificator restriction enzyme digestion. Statistical analysis done using SPSS 22.0 package p...

During a day of skiing thousands of repeated contractions take place. Previous research on prolonged recreational alpine skiing show that physiological changes occur and hence some level of fatigue is inevitable. In the present paper the effect of prolonged skiing on the recruitment and coordination of the muscle activity was investigated. Six subjects performed 24 standardized runs. Muscle act...

BACKGROUND Skiers have to differ between slow to moderate and fast skiing speed to determine their skiing style according to the ISO 11088 standard for setting binding release values. Despite existing evidence that males ski significantly faster than females, no sex-specific factor was inserted into the ISO 11088 standard. OBJECTIVE To evaluate factors potentially associated with the percepti...

The purpose of the study was to examine potential differences between male and female alpine ski naive young people in attitudes towards alpine skiing before and after the completion of structured alpine ski school program. We included 136 ski beginners (41 women and 95 men) who anonymously filled out a previously validated 26-item Lickert scale-type questionnaire related to their attitudes tow...

Skiing underwent substantial changes during the post-war years when the sport turned into a multi-billion dollar industry and a leisure activity for the masses. Despite its global nature and popularity, skiing in academic writing has not gained much recognition. This paper explores the role of knowledge transfer during the pioneering phase of post-war skiing in Australia. It describes the life ...