In this paper, we consider the revenue sharing contract between supply chain actors in a multi-echelon supply chain, where the demand of the customers and retail price are fuzzy variables. The centralized decision making system and a coordinating contract, namely, the revenue sharing contract with fuzzy demand and asymmetric information are proposed. To derive the optimal solutions, the fuzzy s...

We develop a reciprocity-based model of wage determination and incorporate it into a modern dynamic general equilibrium framework. We estimate the model and find that, among potential determinants of wage policy, rent-sharing (between workers and firms) and a measure of wage entitlement are critical to fit the dynamic responses of hours, wages and inflation to various exogenous shocks. Aggregat...

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>The introduction of the benchmarking mechanism into electricity industry has influenced whether utility firms choose to invest in carbon abatement technology. This study presents an supply chain that includes a firm as leader and retailer follower decide on price technology investment. The discusses impact decision-making enterprises. main conclusions are foll...

Abstract We argue that risk sharing motivates the bankwide structure of bonus pay. In presence financial frictions make external financing costly, optimal contract between shareholders and employees involves some degree whereby pay partially absorbs negative earnings shocks. Using payroll data for $1.26$ million employee-years in all functional divisions Austrian, German, Swiss banks, we uncove...

Proponents of health savings accounts (HSAs) contend that they will reduce medical expenditures. In practice, however, the effect of HSAs, and the high-deductible health plans that must accompany them, will depend on the actual provisions of those plans and of the plans they replace. We show that typical plans in the market today already contain substantial cost sharing. We find that many HSA/h...

Medicare Coverage of Anesthesia Services During Screening Colonoscopies for Patients at LowRisk of Sedation-Related Complications In 2014, theCenters forMedicare&Medicaid Serviceswaived patient cost sharing for anesthesia services during screening colonoscopies.1 The current professional guidelines recommend that sedation be provided by the gastroenterologist-nurse team; a separate anesthesiolo...

An auction type mechanism elicits the valuations for getting a good (service) from the agents, allocates some goods (service) to some agents and charge money only to the served agents. We characterize the mechanisms that are immune to three alternative types of collusion of the agents. Under full collusion, agents can coordinate misreports and transfer money between them. We show that only the ...