It is generally considered, as a rule of thumb, that carbon monoxide forms very early in envelopes of AGB stars, and that it consumes most of the carbon, or most of the oxygen, depending on whether the photosphere is oxygen-rich or carbon-rich, respectively. This work focuses on the latter case , with the purpose of quantifying the remaining fraction of gaseous carbon which is then available fo...

We have recently proposed a new candidate for baryonic dark matter: very cold molecular gas, in near-isothermal equilibrium with the cosmic background radiation at 2.73 K. The cold gas, of quasi-primordial abundances, is condensed in a fractal structure, resembling the hierarchical structure of the detected interstellar medium. We present some perspectives of detecting this very cold gas, eithe...

We investigate the possibility that patches of old radio plasma ('radio ghosts') of former radio galaxies form a second distinct phase of the inter-galactic medium (IGM), not mixed with the thermal gas. The separation of this phase from the ambient gas and its resistance against eroding turbulent forces is given by magnetic fields, which are expected to be roughly in pressure equilibrium with t...

The observed cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation provides strong evidence for the hot big bang. The success of pri-mordial nucleosynthesis calculations (see Sec. 16, " Big-bang nucle-osynthesis ") requires a cosmic background radiation (CBR) characterized by a temperature kT ∼ 1 MeV at a redshift of z ≃ 10 9. In their pioneering work, Gamow, Alpher, and Herman [1] realized this and pred...

We present the RXTE PCA X-ray spectrum of SN 1006. This data exhibits evidence of highenergy non-thermal X-ray emission. An analysis of the RXTE PCA data and data from the ASCA SIS and ROSAT PSPC detectors suggests that the entire broad-band X-ray spectrum of SN 1006 may be t with a single non-equilibrium ionization thermal component and a nonthermal component described by a broken power law wi...

If the multiple dualities in Antigone are considered an intragenerational context, i.e. as concordant conflicts Antigone's lifetime, then plot of drama might be perceived stochastic and rather unpredictable to its catastrophic outcome, destruction all protagonists, while their polis is entrapped a seemingly unstable equilibrium. But if viewed transgenerational final episode chain dramatic inter...

We report new high resolution measurements of the elemental and isotopic composition of galactic cosmic ray B, C, N, and 0 nuclei with ~ 30 to ~ 130 MeV nucleon-•. These observations place limits on the isotopic composition of the cosmic ray source and restrict possible models of cosmic ray origin and propagation. In particular, we find that N is significantly depleted in the cosmic ray source ...