The critical importance of human milk to infants and even human civilization has been well established. Yet our understanding of the milk microbiome has been limited to cataloguing OTUs and computation of community diversity. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no report on the bacterial interactions within the milk microbiome. To bridge this gap, we reconstructed a milk bacterial comm...

Cooperative communication scheme can be substituted for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technique when it may not be able to support multiple antennas due to size, cost or hardware limitations. In other words, cooperative communication scheme is an efficient method to achieve spatial diversity without multiple antennas. For satisfaction of rising QoS, we propose a reliable cooperative com...

The performance of a cooperative diversity with selection combining is analyzed in Rayleigh fading channels. The effect of limited power at the relay node is also presented. Our results show that when the average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each branch is identical, the single relay cooperative diversity with selection combining provides 13.5 dB power gain over the non-cooperative system at ...

We consider the resource allocation problem in cooperative wireless networks wherein nodes perform mutual information accumulation. We consider a unicast setting and arbitrary arrival processes at the source node. Source arrivals can be broken down into numerous packets to better exploit the spatial and temporal diversity of the routes available in the network. We devise a linear-program-based ...

The concept of biodiversity embraces a multifaceted and hierarchical analysis of the complexity of life, with implications in many areas of science, philosophy, ethics, politics, and even religion. Three levels are included in the commonly accepted definitions: genetical, species, and ecosystem diversity, going from the intraspecific level to the landscape. Here, I argue that a fourth level, ne...